Syllabus

• Khayal,Dharupad,Tarana,Tappa, Thumri
• Shabad, bhajan, chaturang, Folk song,TeenTaal, Keharvataal
• SoolTaal, Chautaal, Panchamsavari
• SangeetRatnakar, sangeetParijaat, Sangeetmakrand,sangeetroop, geetgovind,Maan
• kotuhal
• Bhairav, Bhairavi, Yaman, Bhupali, Bhihag.
• Gharanas of music
• Ajoycharavarti, UstadAllaRakha Khan, Pt. Ravishankar,Shiv Kumar Sharma
• Swar, Andolan
• Salient features of Time Theory
• Vadi, Samvadi. Anuvadi, Vivadi, VarjitSwar
• Tali, Khali, Avartan, Meend
• Gamak, Murki, Khatka
• Defination of basic elements in music :- Naad, shruti, Swar, Saptak, Thata
• 72 thaat system of pt. Vyankatmukhi
• Raga, Alpatav, Bahutav, Jati, Trivat
• Ancient Period of Indian Music
• Tanpura and sahayak nada
• Music in ramayan and Mahabharat
• Jaunpuri, Bhimplasi, MadhmadhSarang, kafi
• Karnataka Music
• Dance form India
• Rabindra Music
• Indian Institute of Music
• Percussion Instruments
• Tala System of Indian Music
• Technical Terms Percussion Music: Laya, tala and its parts,Avartan,
• Tukra, Mukhra, Tihayi, Vibhag, Sam
• Marubihag, Miya kitodi, deshkar, kedar, malhar
• Tanpura and its types
• Bilaskhanitodi, Bhairav, Ragesgwari, ShudhSarang
• Merits and demerits of music, AlaptiGan
• Girijadevi, BadeGulam Ali Khan
• Pt. Suresh Talvalkar, Zakir Husain
• Moorchhana
• Folk Instruments of North India
• Folk Dances of India
• Instruments of Indian
• Natyashastra chapter 28,29
• Musical Granths
• Pt. Bhim Sen Joshi, PrabhaAtre, Pt. Jasraj

• Introduction: What is Psychology? Understanding Mind and Behavior, Development of Psychology in India, Branches of Psychology, Themes of Research and Applications, Psychology and Other Disciplines, Psychologists at Work, Psychology in Everyday Life.
• Methods of Psychology: Steps in Conducting Scientific Research, Alternative Paradigms of Research, Some Important Methods in Psychology and Ethical Issues , Research methods, Statistical tools used in Psychology.
• Basics of Psychology: Life span development, Sensations, Perception, Learning and applications of Learning Principles; Memory, Forgetting, Thinking, Problem solving, Thought and Language, Communication, Motivation, Emotions; Intelligence; Personality;
• Psychological Disorders: Therapeutic approaches; Nature, Types and Sources of Stress; Attitude; Counseling;
• Social Psychology: Social influence and group process; Various Schools of psychology; Social cognition; Self and Personality.

Health and Nutrition

• Health: its objectives and spectrum,
• Nutrition: Balanced diet and its components.Nutritional Deficiencies, Understanding of malnutrition and nutritional supplements.
• Effects of smoking, alcohol, & drugs on health; prevention and rehabilitation.
• First-aid: objectives and principles.
• Obesity, BMI, Exercise and its benefits. Types of physical fitness,
• Deficiency diseases, Vitamin and Minerals

History Of Physical Education

• Physical education and adapted physical education, their objectives
• Philosophies of education as applied to physical education,
• Development of Physical education in Greece, Rome, Sweden, Foundation of physical education,
• Ancient Olympics

Test, Measurement And Evaluation

• Test, measurement and evaluation: their types and importance in physical education and sports. Principles and processes of evaluation in physical education.
• Types of tests and construction of standard knowledge and skill tests.
• Tests for fitness: Physical fitness, motor fitness, motor ability and motor educability. Health related fitness tests.
• Test for fitness components: strength, endurance, speed, flexibility and coordinative abilities.

Curriculum Design And Pedagogy

• Curriculum: concept, definitions, characteristics, need, types, principles, scope, defects of curriculum, curriculum development-, objectives, basic element of curriculum development, factors influence curriculum development.
• Curriculum evaluation: purpose, types of evaluation, articulation and balance, steps of evaluation, guidelines of evaluation, problems of curriculum evaluation, types of curriculum evaluations, curriculum participants, criteria for norm refereed and criterion refereed evaluation, guidelines for curriculum evaluation.

Management In Physical Education & Sports

• Management: its principles and theories. Scope of management in physical education and sports. Guiding principles for organizing physical education & sports program in institutions.
• Personnel management: objectives and principles. Self-appraisal, communication skills and time management. Essential skills of administration.
• Financial management: objectives, purposes, principles and scope. Planning and preparation of budget. Mechanics of purchase and auditing.

Physiology Of Exercise

• Exercise physiology: its scope and importance in the field of physical education and sports.
• Cardio respiratory adaptations to long and short term physical activities.
• Muscle: its types , characteristics and functions. Microscopic structure of muscle fibre. Sliding filament theory of muscular contraction. Types of muscle fibres and sports performance. Muscular adaptations to exercise.
• Neuro: muscular junction and transmission of nerve impulse, kinesthetic Sense organs and neural control of motor skills.
• Bio- chemical aspects of exercise: chemical aspects of exercise - Metabolism of food products. Aerobic and anaerobic systems during rest and exercise. Direct and indirect methods of measuring cost of energy.
• Women in sports: trainability. Physiological gender differences and special problems of women athletes.
• Aging: Physiological consequences, life style management and healthful aging.
• Physiological responses of various therapeutic modalities and rehabilitation.
• Physiological aspects of various Ergogenic aids. Massage manipulations and their physiological responses.

Kinesiology And Biomechanics

• Kinesiology and biomechanics. Modern trends in biomechanics. Planes and Axes of human body. Joints and their movements.
• Muscle attachments: Origin, insertion, action and leverage of the principal muscles used in sports.
• Motion: its laws and their application in sports. Projectile and principles of projections
• Linear and angular kinematics and kinetics.
• Friction, Spin, impact and elasticity.
• Air and water dynamics.
• Mechanical advantage and applications of Levers in sports.
• Posture and its deformities with their corrective exercises.
• Kinesiological, Muscular and mechanical analyses of fundamental movements.
• Mechanical analyses of major sports skills.

Sports Training

• Sports training: its characteristics and principles. Training load, its features, principles and adaptation process. Means and methods of executing training load. Overload, its Causes, symptoms and remedial measures.
• Strength: its characteristics, types of strength, factors determining strength and strength development.
• Endurance: its characteristics, types of endurance, factors determining endurance and endurance development.
• Speed: its characteristics, types of Speed, factors determining Speed and speed development.
• Flexibility: its characteristics, types of flexibility, factors determining flexibility and flexibility development.
• Coordinative abilities: its characteristics, types of coordinative abilities, factors determining coordinative abilities and development of coordinative abilities.
• Technique and skill: its characteristics and importance. Different stages of technique development and technique training. Tactics and strategy.
• Planning: its importance and principles. Types of planning.
• Periodization: its importance, objectives and types of periodization. Concept of different periods - Preparatory, competition and transitional. Types of
• Competition: Talent identification- process and procedure.

Supervision

• Supervision: objectives, principles and importance of supervision. Techniques of supervision. Duties and responsibilities of a supervisor.
• Facility management: planning, procuring and maintenance of facilities- indoor and outdoor facilities. Planning and management of sports infrastructure.
• Management of records.

Research In Physical Education

• Research in physical education: its importance and classification. Ethical issues in research.
• Methods of research: Descriptive, historical and experimental. Experimental research designs.
• Identification and formulation of research problem. Types of research hypotheses and their formulation. Hypotheses testing.
• Tools of research: Questionnaires, opinionnaires, interviews and observation.
• Sources and steps of literature search: library, research data bases, internet- search engines, online journals. Note taking and critical reading.
• Sampling Techniques: Probability and non probability.

• Sociological Perspectives: Society and Sociology, Understanding Social institutions, Culture and Socialisation process
• Research method in sociology: Ethnography, Archival Methods, Oral History, Interviews/ Case Studies, Content analysis, Survey Research, Statistical Methods, Social Experiments, PRA (Participatory Rural Appraisal), Visual ethnography
• Sociology in India: Caste-Structure and Change, Aspects of Rural Social Structure, Family, Kinship and Marriage, Religion in India
• Sociology of development: Perspective of Development, State and market: Institutions and ideologies, The micro-politics of development
• Industrial Sociology: Industrialisation, industrialism and post-industrial society, Employee organizations: Blue Collar, White Collar and Managers, Work organization and Alienation, Industrial Conflict and its Resolution
• Sociology and Gender: Gender in Sociological Analysis, Reproduction, Sexuality and Ideology, Family, Work and Property, The Politics of Gender

• Ancient History of India: Indus valley civilization, Vedic period, Mauryan Dynasty, Gupta period, Vardhan Dynasty, Rise of Rajputs, Pratiharas, Vakatakas and Rashrakutas, main dynasties of south India: Chola&Chalukya empire, Pandyas and Pallavas
• Medieval History of India: Ghaznavi and Ghouri invasions, consolidation of the Delhi Sultanate: slave dynasty and Khalji dynasty, tughlaqs and lodhis, Foundation and consolidation of the Mughal Empire from Babur to Aurangzeb, decline of Mughal empire
• Modern History of India: establishment of East India company, battle of Plassey and Buxar, consolidation of British rule, revolt of 1857, foundation of Congress (1885-1919), Rowlatt Act, Satyagraha, Khilafat Movement, Non-Cooperation movement, Civil Disobedience movement, Quit India Movement, Wavell Plan and Cabinet Mission, towards independence and partition

Attitude

An attitude is a positive; negative or mixed evaluation of an object that is expressed at some level of intensity.

It is an expression of a favorable or unfavorable evaluation of a person, place, thing or event. These are fundamental determinants of our perceptions of, and actions toward all aspects of our social environment.

Attitudes involve a complex organization of evaluative beliefs, feelings, and tendencies toward certain actions.

Types of attitude

• Cognitively-based: beliefs about an attitude object
• Affectively-based: feelings towards an AO
• Behaviorally-based: observations on how one behaves towards an AO

Origins of attitudes

• Personal Experience (conditioning)
• Social learning
• Genetic Factors

Relationship between attitudes and behavior
Attitudes may mostly predict behavior but.

Why do attitudes sometimes inconsistently predict behavior?

• Situational factors: constraints that make it difficult to express your attitude
• Attitudinal factors :
  • Attitude strength: more likely to follow through on strongly-held convictions
  • Specificity: general attitudes don\'t predict behavior well

Components of attitudes

Attitudes about something are composed of different individual aspects/parts

Attitude functions

• Knowledge activation (tell us about a set of different but related objects)
• Identity (express who you are)
• Behavioral guide

Attitude component disagreement

e.g. love taste of chocolate, but think it\'s bad for body, hate to jog but think it\'s good for body

Consumnatory behavior (intrinsically-motivated)

such as eating, playing, sex: affective attitude (what we feel) component is better predictor

Instrumental behavior (extrinsically-motivated)

such as money, fame, good grades: cognitive attitude (what we think) component is better predictor

External Awareness

Understands and keeps up-to-date on local, national, and international policies and trends that affect the organization and shape stakeholders\' views; is aware of the organization\'s impact on the externalenvironment.

• Demonstrates an understanding of the organizations functions and responsibilities.
• Considers organizations capabilities, mission, vision, values, and strategic goals and objectives in work efforts.
• Knows capabilities, capacities and constraints of the organization.
• Reviews external information and news to learn about political and social issues that might affect the organization.
• Identifies individuals who have the technical expertise to respond to inquiries on specific topics.
• Knows both when and how to effectively escalate issues that warrant immediate attention.
• Uses discretion when handling sensitive matters/content.
• Keeps current on formal and informal reporting relationships.
• Identifies opportunities based on unique cultural needs.
• Demonstrates an understanding of the interrelationships of foreign and domestic agencies and governments.

Customer Experience

• Customer experience, also known as CX, is your customers\' holistic perception of their experience with your business or brand. CX is the result of every interaction a customer has with your business, from navigating the website to talking to customer service and receiving the product/service they bought from you.
• Customer experience implies customer involvement at different levels – such as rational, emotional, sensorial, physical, and spiritual. Customers respond diversely to direct and indirect contact with a company. Direct contact usually occurs when the purchase or use is initiated by the customer. Indirect contact often involves advertising, news reports, unplanned encounters with sales representatives, word-of-mouth recommendations or criticisms.
• Customer experience encompasses every aspect of a company’s offering—the quality of customer care, but also advertising, packaging, product and service features, ease of use, and reliability Creating direct relationships in the place where customers buy, use and receive services by a business intended for customers such as instore or face to face contact with the customer which could be seen through interacting with the customer through the retail staff We then have indirect relationships which can take the form of unexpected interactions through a company\'s product representative, certain services or brands and positive recommendations – or it could even take the form of "criticism, advertising, news, reports" and many more along that line.

Communication

Communication is the act of conveying meanings from one entity or group to another through the use of mutually understood signs, symbols, and semiotic rules.

The main steps inherent to all communication are:

• The formation of communicative motivation or reason.
• Message composition (further internal or technical elaboration on what exactly to express).
• Message encoding (for example, into digital data, written text, speech, pictures, gestures and so on).
• Transmission of the encoded message as a sequence of signals using a specific channel or medium.
• Noise sources such as natural forces and in some cases human activity (both intentional and accidental) begin influencing the quality of signals propagating from the sender to one or more receivers.
• Reception of signals and reassembling of the encoded message from a sequence of received signals.
• Decoding of the reassembled encoded message.
• Interpretation and making sense of the presumed original message.

Influence

The capacity to have an effect on the character, development, or behaviour of someone or something, or the effect itself. The word “influencer” is usually used in relation to media figures with large social media following. It is true that if one of them endorses a product, such as a new line of perfume or a movie, it is likely to impact the sales. These sales can be quantified and therefore one can confirm that these people are indeed influencers. This seems to validate an assumption that large social media following equals an influencer.

Accountability

Personal accountability can be defined as taking ownership of one\'s thoughts, behaviors, actions, and performance. Someone who has developed a high level of personal accountability is resilient, resourceful, and honest. Importantly, you can count on them to follow through on the things they say they will do .Accountability has three tiers: First, it means doing what you say you\'re going to do. Second, it includes accepting responsibility if you are for some reason unsuccessful. Third, it drives the discussion for meeting or modifying an objective after failure.

Interpersonal Skills

Interpersonal skills are essential in customer service, and will, therefore, be practiced every day whilst working in the hospitality industry. Interpersonal skills are those gained by interacting with people around you. They are social skills such as empathy, negotiation, listening, creative thinking, patience, and tolerance. As the hospitality industry is customer-focused, staffs have to deal with multiple questions and problems every day. The ability to ‘think quickly on your feet’ is learned swiftly, so that staff can deal with these issues effectively. Problem-solving is also essential in order to manage your time and is closely related to the Interpersonal skill of the student.

Leadership: To Increased Productivity

By training your leaders in effective leadership skills, you can increase the productivity of your workforce. Leaders are there to provide direction to staff and ensure they are performing at or above expectations.

• To Nurture Future Leaders
• Leaders are meant to be the thought powerhouses to which employees and associates turn for advice and direction.
• To Develop Better Emotional Intelligence
• Emotional intelligence is one of the main personality traits that makes for a great leader.
• Adaptability to Change
• The business environment is constantly changing, and as such, leaders need to be able to recognise this change and adapt to it.
• Leadership is the essence of all traits mention above

Adaptability

In order to stay relevant in today\'s world we all need to adjust to how customer demographics, attitudes and lifestyles are changing; while the cost of doing business is being redefined. Thus hospitality persons are like CHAMELEON. Adapt communication styles to different individuals in order to make sure that the message gets through. Be a master in written, visual and verbal communication. Adapt to different countries, culture, customs, mentality, etc; Develop human relationship skills. Learn to work under pressure, obtain a broad view of life. Become a better, more tolerant and more understanding human being.

Stress Management

In any industry the employee become stressed and affects the employees output in related area of work. But in hospitality industry the stress part is very crucial and can drastically affect his contribution and it can also result in workers becoming exhausted and cynical which can have negative effects on service delivery to guest Because the industry has long working hours, multicultural, multi disciplinary and multinational staff, co operation and co ordination with other departments, and language barrier staff can have stress. So we need proper questions to analyze how the students can express the ways of controlling his stress to perform tasks more efficiently.

Results Oriented

It is basically to describe an individual or organization that focuses on outcome rather than process used to produce a product or deliver a service. As such, a number of processes are used where the most effective and economical process is identified.

Conflict Resolution

To develop the skills of management by resolving the conflict between two parties and to find a peaceful resolution of the dispute by using different techniques of conflict resolution i.e.negotiation, Arbitration etc.

Initiative

Initiative is all about taking charge. An initiative is the first in a series of actions. Initiative can also mean a personal quality that shows a willingness to get things done and take responsibility. An initiative is the start of something, with the hope that it will continue.

Customer Acquisition

Customer Acquisition means gaining new customers or existing prospects to become new customers for your business. The targeted customers are one who are not aware about your products and services or they have bought from your competitors.

Creative Thinking

Creative thinking is the ability to invent and/or create something new: be that a concept, a solution, a method, a work of art, or an actual, physical device. Creative thinking is based on looking at things in a new way that hasn\'t previously been considered.

Professionalism

Professionalism is the conduct, behaviour and attitude of someone in a work or business environment. A person doesn’t have to work in a specific profession to demonstrate the important qualities and characteristics of a professional. Professionalism leads to workplace success, a strong professional reputation and a high level of work ethic and excellence.

When we talk about professionalism in Tourism and Hospitality sector then it holds the maximum degree of importance to be followed. As the Industry is very dynamic and rapidly changing so to sustain and retain professionalism is the key to hold the sector in every aspect.

The tourism and hospitality sector a service oriented sector and it requires skilled professionals for understanding and reciprocating behaviour and consumer analysis in Hotel Industry, Guest Host Relationship, Travel Agent, Tour Guide, Tour Escort , Tour Manager so that the service would lead to a positive impact on the customer and guest which will be only possible by following professionalism parameter .

Change Management

Change management is a systematic approach to dealing with the transition or transformation of an organization\'s goals, processes or technologies. The purpose of change management is to implement strategies for effecting change, controlling change and helping people to adapt to change. Such strategies include having a structured procedure for requesting a change, as well as mechanisms for responding to requests and following them up. The change management process must take into consideration how an adjustment or replacement will impact processes, systems, and employees within the organization. There must be a process for planning and testing change, a process for communicating change, a process for scheduling and implementing change, a process for documenting change and a process for evaluating its effects. Documentation is a critical component of change management, not only to maintain an audit trail should a rollback become necessary but also to ensure compliance with internal and external controls, including regulatory compliance.

Environment

Environment refers all the conditions, circumstances, and influences surrounding, and affecting the development of, an organism or group of organisms

Environment and Nature-based tourism is any type of tourism that relies on experiences directly related to natural attractions and includes ecotourism, adventure tourism, extractive tourism, wildlife tourism and nature retreats. India is working hard towards protecting its natural assets and sustaining its indigenous cultures. Tourism in India also supports and sustains local economies that are dependent on this revenue, by using local produce and creating economic opportunities for local communities.

Sustainability

Sustainability focuses on meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needs. The concept of sustainability is composed of three pillars: economic, environmental, and social—also known informally as profits, planet, and people.

Sustainable tourism, one that establishes a suitable balance between the environmental, economic and socio-cultural aspects of tourism development, plays an important role in conserving biodiversity. It attempts to minimize its impact on the environment and local culture so that it will be available for future generations, while contributing to generate income, employment, and the conservation of local ecosystems.

By doing so, sustainable tourism maximizes the positive contribution of tourism to biodiversity conservation and thus to poverty reduction and the achievement of common goals towards sustainable development.

Sustainable tourism provides crucial economic incentives for habitat protection. Revenues from visitor spending are often channelled back into nature conservation or capacity building programmes for local communities to manage protected areas.

Furthermore, tourism can be a key vehicle in raising awareness and fostering positive behaviour change for biodiversity conservation among the millions of people travelling the globe every year

Ethics<< /h4>

At its simplest, ethics is a system of moral principles. They affect how people make decisions and lead their lives. Ethics is concerned with what is good for individuals and society and is also described as moral philosophy. The term is derived from the Greek word ethos which can mean custom, habit, character or disposition.

Ethics covers the following dilemmas:

• how to live a good life
• our rights and responsibilities
• the language of right and wrong
• Moral decisions - what is good and bad?

Our concepts of ethics have been derived from religions, philosophies and cultures. They infuse debates on topics like abortion, human rights and professional conduct.

Approaches to ethics

Philosophers nowadays tend to divide ethical theories into three areas: met ethics, normative ethics and applied ethics.

• Meta-ethics deals with the nature of moral judgement. It looks at the origins and meaning of ethical principles.
• Normative ethics is concerned with the content of moral judgements and the criteria for what is right or wrong.
• Applied ethics looks at controversial topics like war, animal rights and capital punishment

History of Indian art: British colonial painting, Bengal School, Santiniketan School, Academic Realism and the establishment of Art colleges in colonial India, Progressive artists groups in Calcutta, Madras, Bombay and Delhi. Styles and schools of Indian modern art.Problems of Indian contemporary Art.

Notable Indian Artists and their contribution to the field of art: Abanindranath Tagore, Gagnendranath Tagore, Nandalal Bose, Jamini Roy, Amrita Shergil, Rabindranath Tagore, Binod Bihari Mukherjee, NirodMajumdar, N. S. Bendre, DhanrajBhagat, SudhirKhastgir, Chitta Prasad, KG Subramanium, HemenMajumdar , Paritosh Sen, Ganesh Paine, Ganesh Haloi, Bikash

Bhattacharya, ProkashKarmakar, RamanandaBandhopadhyay, Suhas Roy and SanatKar.

Indian aesthetics: General principles of Indian art, art and beauty, principles of image making (iconometry and other canons ), six limbs of Indian painting ( shadanga ) and six Chinese canons of painting, theories of Rasa, Dhvani, Alankara, Auchitya and Riti, and their relevance in understanding art making and viewing. Classification of painting in Chitrasutra.Concepts of Kshyavridhi, Guna-Dosha, Sadrishya, Vartana, Nimnonata, etc. Visible and invisible aspects of art ( Drishyam /Adrishyam ), Rekha ( Line ) and Linear rhythm ( Chanda ) compositional aspects of art, perspective, form and content.

History of western arts: Pre-historic art , Greek, Roman, Early Christian, Byzantine, Gothic, Renaissance, Mannerist, Baroque, Neo-Classicism, Romanticism, Realism, Impressionism, Post-Impressionism, Symbolism, Fauvism, Cubism, -Expressionism, Futurism, Dadaism, Surrealism, Abstract Expressionism, Op-Art, Pop-Art and Minimalism.

Western aesthetics: Plato, Aristotle, Alberti, Vasari, Bellori, Reynolds, Diderot, Wincklemann, Croce and Tolstoy.Writing by artists and manifestos of modem art movements.Theory of Avant-Garde.Implication of theories of Semiotics, Structuralism, Post –structuralism, Post –modernism and Feminism on Art thinking and writing.

Drawing: Illustrations, life drawing,emotive drawing , analytical drawing, perspective and diagrametic drawing, geometric drawing. Basics of drawing and it\'s related equipments.

Painting: Basic elements of painting, Methods and kinds of painting, notable paintings

Sculpture: Process of sculpture making, Methods and kinds of sculpture, famous sculptures

Printmaking: Process of print making, mediums and techniques of printmaking.

Photography: Aperture, shutter speed, ISO speed, exposure, editing tools and techniques, different types of camera

Advertising & Design: Famous advertisements and creators, mediums of advertisements, creation of advertisement, process and editing tools for advertisements

Current affairs: Whos who Related to the field of arts

Important books: Of the field of art or written by famous art personality

Methods and Material: Medium and support, its source, access, color and uses, technique

Elements and design: How and what of Line , shape, color, value, form, texture and space

History of advertising: Who\'s who in the field of advertisement, famous advertiser, creators, top advertising companies

History of photography: History of camera and its evolution, iconic photographs, important names in photography

Introduction to fashion and design

• Design philosophy,
• Various types of design,
• Historic context of fashion designing,
• Technical terminology of fashion,
• Fashion cycles,
• Fashion theories,
• Typology of garments, Clothing categories,
• Color psychology,
• Principle of design,
• Art and Fashion,
• Impact of globalization of cultures,
• Industrial revolution and its impact on fashion design and textile industry,
• Arts and crafts movement,
• Design and social process,
• Design and social change,
• Fashion Innovation and Technology,
• Ethical Fashion and Social Responsibility.

Fashion Retailing and Merchandising:

• Fashion Marketing and Branding,
• Retailing definition and Formats,
• Fashion Merchandising: Definition, Process, functions.
• Structure of clothing industry,
• Overview of global garment industry (SWOT analysis),
• Different departments and their roles in a garment factory,
• Fashion trends and forecast,
• E-Commerce and Digital Retailing,
• Visual Merchandising,
• Consumer Behavior in Fashion,
• Supply Chain Management in Fashion.

Textile Science I (Fibers, yarn, Fabric)

• Classification of textile fibers, fiber properties, manufacturing of man-made fibers
• Spinning and Yarn classification
• Weaving and woven textiles
• Knitting and knit fabrics
• Clothing care labels
• Sustainable Textiles
• Smart Textiles

Textile Science II (Wet processing in textile industry)

• Pre treatmentprocess : singeing, desizing, scouring, carbonization, bleaching, OBA treatment, mercerization, degumming,
• Dyes : types, classification, Application of dyes, dyeing techniques,
• Textile dyeing machines, Dyeing defects and testing of color fastness properties, quality control in dyeing,
• Textile printing, Printing process, advances in printing, quality control in printing,
• Finishing : introduction, objectives, classification, types, mechanical finishing, chemical finishing, antimicrobial, antistatic, flame retardant, moth proof, soil repellant, durable press, pilling resistance, calendaring, quality control in finishing,
• Post finishing : garment inspection, fabric care, stain types, common stains and their removal, packaging and care labels of textiles and apparels,
• eco friendly processing of textiles, eco standards for textiles,
• Textile auxiliaries: classification and use; eco-friendly auxiliaries.
• Sustainability in Wet Processing: Exploration of sustainable practices in wet processing, including water and energy conservation, and waste management.
• Textile Recycling and Upcycling: Understanding processes involved in recycling textiles and upcycling techniques for reducing waste.

Garment construction and Pattern Making

• Garment terminology: types of skirts, trousers, jackets, tops,
• Types of dress codes: Formal wear, casual wear, party wear, business wear, swim wear,
• Design Details: Collars and details, Sleeves and cuffs,
• Different types of necklines, Pocket and details.
• Techniques of pattern making and draping - incorporating style lines and fullness; principles of contouring, surplice/off shoulder and halter designs; built-in necklines, cowls and collars; skirts, advanced sleeve variations, exaggerated armholes, pockets, bias cut dresses; jackets, types of pants; pattern adoption to knits.
• Sustainability and textile industry.
• Sustainable Garment Construction: Techniques for creating garments with minimal waste, such as zero-waste pattern making and sustainable stitching practices.
• Inclusive Fashion Design: Exploration of pattern making and garment construction for diverse body types, including adaptive clothing for people with disabilities.
• Global Fashion Sourcing: Study of sourcing materials and labor globally, considering ethical and sustainable practices.

Types of plans

City Development Plan, Master Plan, Structure Plan, Action Area Plan, Zonal Plan, Town Planning Scheme, Planning process, Regional Plan, Salient concepts, principles of urban planning and theories, Emerging concepts of cities - Smart City, Eco-City, SEZ, Transit Oriented Development (TOD). Sustainable urban development, Development guidelines such as URDPFI, Planning Legislation and implementation - Local self-governance, Land Acquisition Act, PPP etc.

Planning Techniques and Management:

Tools and techniques of Surveys - Topographical, Physical, Land use and Socioeconomic Surveys, Methods of non-spatial & spatial data analysis, Application of G.I.S & Remote Sensing techniques in urban and regional planning, Land Utilization, Land Use Pattern in India, Land Degradation and Conservation Measures, Soil as a Resource, Classification of Soils, Soil Erosion and Soil Conservation

Organisation and Presentation of data

Sources of data - primary and secondary; Sampling; some important sources of secondary data: Census of India and National Sample Survey Organisation. Organisation of Data: Meaning and types of variables; Frequency Distribution. Presentation of Data: Tabular Presentation and Diagrammatic Presentation of Data

Urban Infrastructure

Water treatment, Principles of water supply and sanitation systems, Water supply and distribution system, Sewage disposal methods, Water harvesting systems, Planning, Principles and Design of storm water drainage system, Recycling and Reuse of solid waste, Methods of solid waste management - transportation, collection and disposal, Power Supply and Communication Systems, design, network and guidelines.

Transportation

Road capacity, Process and Principles of Transportation Planning and Traffic Engineering, Traffic survey methods, Traffic analyses and design considerations, Traffic flow characteristics, Travel demand forecasting, Intelligent Transportation Systems, Hierarchy of roads and level of service, Pedestrian and slow-moving traffic planning and Paratransit and other modes of transportation.

Disaster Management

Disaster management cycle, Floods, Cloudbursts, Droughts: types and impact, Earthquakes and Tsunami, Cyclones: features and impact, Landslides

Indian Constitution and Administration

Guiding Values of the Indian Constitution, Policy decision making process; 73rd and 74th Constitutional Amendment Act

Sectors of the Indian Economyand Globalization

Sectors of Economic Activities, Primary, Secondary and Tertiary Sectors in India, organized and unorganized, Foreign Trade and integration of markets, Globalization. Industries: Contribution of Industry to National Economy, Classification of Industries, Industrial pollution and environmental degradation, Control of Environmental Degradation

Poverty as a Challenge

Poverty Estimates, Vulnerable Groups, Interstate disparities, Causes of Poverty, Anti-poverty measures,

Estimating, Costing and Valuation:

Estimate, analysis of rates, methods and unit of measurement, Items of work – earthwork, Brick work (Modular & Traditional bricks), RCC work, Shuttering, Timber work, Painting, Flooring, Plastering.

Surveying:

Principles of surveying, measurement of distance, chain surveying, plane table surveying, theodolite, Levelling.

Project Planning

Project life cycle, project formulation and appraisal, Critical Path Method (CPM), Program Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT)

Architecture and Design Visual composition in 2D and 3D:

• Principles of Art and Architecture; Organization of space; Architectural Graphics;
• Computer Graphics– concepts of CAD, BIM, 3D modelling and Architectural rendition; Programming languages and automation.
• Anthropometrics; Planning and design considerations for different building types;
• Site planning; Circulation- horizontal and vertical; Barrier free design; Space Standards; Building Codes - National Building Code.
• History of architecture - Elements, construction, architectural styles and examples of different periods of Indian and Western History of Architecture; Oriental, Vernacular and Traditional architecture; Architectural developments since Industrial Revolution; Influence of modern art on architecture; Art nouveau, Eclecticism, International styles, Post Modernism, Deconstruction in architecture; Recent trends in Contemporary Architecture; Works of renowned national and international architects.

Environmental Planning and Design:

• Ecosystem- natural and man-made ecosystem;
• Ecological principles; Concepts of Environmental Impact Analysis;
• Environmental considerations in planning and design; Thermal comfort, ventilation and air movement; Principles of lighting and illumination;
• Climate responsive design; Solar architecture; Principles of architectural acoustics;
• Green Building- Concepts and Rating; ECBC; Building Performance Simulation and Evaluation;
• Environmental pollution- types, causes, controls and abatement strategies.

Urban Design:

• Concepts and theories of urban design; Public Perception; Townscape; Public Realm; Urban design interventions for sustainable development and transportation;
• Historical and modern examples of urban design; Public spaces, character, spatial qualities and Sense of Place;
• Elements of urban built environment – urban form, spaces, structure, pattern, fabric, texture, grain etc;
• Principles, tools and techniques of urban design; Urban renewal and conservation; Site planning; Landscape design;
• Development controls – FAR, densities and building byelaws.

Urban Planning and Housing:

• Planning process and its types;
• Types of plans - Master Plan, City Development Plan, Structure Plan, Zonal Plan, Action Area Plan, Town Planning Scheme, Regional Plan;
• Salient concepts, theories and principles of urban planning; Sustainable urban development;
• Emerging concepts of cities - Eco-City, Smart City, Transit Oriented Development (TOD), SEZ, SRZ etc.
• Housing; Concepts, principles and examples of neighbourhood; Housing typologies; Slums; Affordable Housing; Housing for special areas and needs; Residential densities; Standards for housing and community facilities; National Housing Policies, Programs and Schemes.

Planning Techniques and Management:

• Tools and techniques of Surveys – Physical, Topographical, Landuse and Socioeconomic Surveys;
• Methods of non-spatial and spatial data analysis; Graphic presentation of spatial data; Application of G.I.S and Remote Sensing techniques in urban and regional planning; Decision support system and Land Information System.
• Urban Economics - Law of demand and supply of land and its use in planning; Social, Economical and environmental cost benefit analysis; Techniques of financial appraisal;
• Management of Infrastructure Projects - Development guidelines such as URDPFI;
• Planning Legislation and implementation – Land Acquisition Act, PPP etc.; Local self-governance.

Services, Infrastructure and Transportation Building Services:

• Types of services - Water supply; Sewerage and drainage systems; Sanitary fittings and fixtures; Plumbing systems; Principles of internal and external drainage system;
• Principles of electrification of buildings; Intelligent Buildings; Elevators and Escalators - standards and uses; Air-Conditioning systems; Firefighting Systems; Building Safety and Security systems.
• Urban Infrastructure – Transportation, Water Supply, Sewerage, Drainage, Solid Waste Management, Electricity and Communications. Process and Principles of Transportation Planning and Traffic Engineering; Road capacity; Traffic survey methods; Traffic flow characteristics; Traffic analyses and design considerations; Travel demand forecasting; Land-use – transportation - urban form inter-relationships; Design of roads, intersections, grade separators and parking areas; Hierarchy of roads and level of service; Traffic and transport management and control in urban areas,; Mass transportation planning; Paratransits and other modes of transportation, Pedestrian and slow moving traffic planning; Intelligent Transportation Systems.
• Principles of water supply and sanitation systems; water treatment; Water supply and distribution system; Water harvesting systems; Principles, Planning and Design of storm water drainage system; Sewage disposal methods;
• Methods of solid waste management - collection, transportation and disposal; Recycling and Reuse of solid waste; Power Supply and Communication Systems, network, design and guidelines.

Building Materials, Construction and Management:

• Behavioural characteristics and applications of different building materials viz. mud, timber, bamboo, brick, concrete, steel, glass, FRP, AAC, different polymers, composites.
• Building construction techniques, methods and details;
• Building systems and prefabrication of building elements; Principles of Modular Coordination;
• Estimation, specification, valuation, professional practice; Construction planning and equipment;
• Project management techniques e.g. PERT, CPM etc.

Building and Structures Principles of strength of materials:

• Design of structural elements in wood, steel and RCC; Elastic and Limit State design;
• Structural systems in RCC and Steel; Form and Structure; Principles of Pre-stressing;
• High Rise and Long Span structures, gravity and lateral load resisting systems;
• Principles and design of disaster resistant structures.

Foundation Art:

• Introduction to art,
• Purposes of Art, Art and morality,
• Indian art and Concept of art and classification of art.
• Drawing Fundamentals
• Foreshortening & Perspective
• Visual Elements: Line / Shape / Form / Mass / Value / Colour / Texture.
• Principles of Design: Balance / Unity / Variety / Emphasis / Direction / Movement / Scale / Proportion / Repetition
• Story Pictures and Visualisation,
• Visual Logic & Pictograms,
• Exercises on imagination.

Communication Concepts:

• Elements in the Process of Communication (Input, sender, channel, Noise, receiver, output)
• Functions of Communication,
• Forms and Method of Communication,
• Effects of Communication,
• Types of Communication

Visual Communication:

• Basics of Visual Communication,
• Mass Communication,
• The World of Print Media,
• Electronic mediums,
• Elements of a Film,
• The Current Film Landscape,
• Narrative Elements in Film,
• Stories, Conflict and Characters,
• Background and Concept, Movie Genres,
• Film and TV production basics,
• Evolution of advertising,
• Types of advertisements,
• New Media and Convergence.

Computer Fundamentals:

• History of computers,
• The parts of a computer system,
• Operating system,
• Types and uses of application software,
• Fundamental file management,
• Audio and video formats,
• Introduction to internet,
• Communications and Networks

Computer Graphics:

• Digital Image Fundamentals,
• Introduction to computer animation,
• Colour theory for computer,
• Digital Publishing,
• Typographic Design,
• Video production,
• Sound principles,
• Basic concepts of Visual effects and computer games,
• Happening in media and entertainment industry.

Introduction:

• Meaning
• Nature
• Scope
• Significance of public administration
• Public and Private Administration

Evolution of public administration:

• Evolution of public administration as a discipline
• New public administration
• New Public Management
• Good Governance
• E-Governance

Principles of Organization:

• Hierarchy
• Span of Control
• Unity of Command
• Line and Staff Agencies
• Supervision
• Coordination
• Centralisation and Decentralisation

Theories approaches of Public Administration:

• scientific management Theory
• Classical theory
• bureaucratic theory
• human relation theory
• behavioral approach
• system approach

Civil Services in India

• Civil Services in India
• Classification
• Recruitment
• Training
• Promotion
• UPSC

Public Financial Administration:

• Meaning, Nature and Scope of Public Financial Administration
• Types of Budget
• Principles of budget
• Process of Budget
• Finance Commission

Indian Administration:

• Constitutional Provisions
• Central Administration
• State Administration
• District Administration
• Local Administration
• Control over Administration

• Visualization and spatial ability: Pictorial and diagrammatic questions to test the understanding of transformation and/or manipulation of elements of design and their spatial relationships.
• Environmental and social awareness: General awareness of environmental factors (such as climate, population, water, vegetation, pollution, weather, natural resources) and their implications on the design of products, images, infrastructure and environment. Awareness of design terminologies, social and cultural connection with design, history of the designed artefact, and socially responsible and environmentally sustainable design responses. History of art, sculpture and literature.
• Analytical and logical reasoning: Ability to analyse given information logically and select the most appropriate solutions;
  ability to weigh opinions, arguments or solutions against appropriate criteria;
  ability to use logic and structured thinking to deduce from a short passage, which of a number of statements is the most accurate response to a posed question.
• Language and creativity: Ability to develop/narrate stories in commonly used English language;
  ability to think creatively in terms of alternatives;
  ability to distinguish innovative options and think out-of-the-box.
• Design thinking and problem solving: Ability to understand the context, the users, human factors and the constraints and select the most appropriate solution for a given design problem.
• Observation and design sensitivity: Ability to detect concealed properties in day-to-day life and think critically about them.
  Ability to discern subtle differences in visual properties and aesthetic outcomes.

• Databases: Keys, Normalization, SQL Basic commands and basics of backup and recovery.
• Programming: Basics of C-Language, Basics of OOPS, Arrays, Stacks, Pointers, Inorder, Preorder, Postorder, Binary Trees, Linked Lists, Searching and sorting.
• System Architecture: Number conversions, Microprocessor architecture, Register, ALU, RISC/CISC, Hardware Knowledge.
• Software Engineering: Basics of OS, Basics of UML, Prototyping, Deadlocks, RAD Model, SDLC, Complexity, Testing and Maintenance.
• Networks: OSI, TCP/IP, Networking devices, IPv4/IPv6, Error detection and correction.

ACCOUNTANCY:

• Accounting- An Introduction to Business transactions, Book-keeping, Accounting and its branches, Objectives of Financial Accounting. Accounting Terminology. Accounting Equation, Accounting Concepts and Conventions. Accounting in Computerized Environment. IND-AS & IFRS: Introductory Framework.
• Accounting for Partnership Firms - Fundamentals, Admission of a Partner, Retirement/Death of a Partner, Dissolution of partnership firm.
• Corporate Accounting: Issue and Forfeiture of Equity, Bonus Shares, Contents of Financial Statements.

COST ACCOUNTING:

• Elements of Cost. Classification of costs,
• Statement of Cost.
• Material: Purchase, Storage and Control of Material, Stock Levels, Inventory, Control Techniques. Methods of Pricing Material Issues.
• Standard Costing.
• Marginal Costing.
• Allocation and Absorption of overheads.

MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING:

• Nature and Scope – Difference between Cost Accounting, Financial Accounting and Management accounting – Recent Trends in Management Reporting
• Tools of Financial Analysis-Trend Analysis, Common Size Financial Statements and Comparative Financial Statements
• Ratio Analysis
• Cash Flow statement

FINANCIAL MANGEMENT:

• Finance & Financial Management - Meaning, Aims & Scope, Functions and Sources,
• Cost of Capital and Capital Structure decisions
• Dividend Policy (Including Models)
• Capital Budgeting: Planning and Evaluation of Projects excluding Risk and Uncertainty
• Working Capital Management: Computation of Working capital requirements, Financing of Working Capital, Inventory Management

BUSINESS ECONOMICS:

• Introduction to Micro and Macro Economics: Definitions and scope of economics, Nature of economics, Central economic problem, Production possible curve.
• Consumer Behaviour: Utility Approach-Brief Outline of Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility and Law of Equi-marginal Utility. Indifference curve approach: Consumer Equilibrium, Law of Demand.
• Price elasticity of Demand and its Measurement.
• Concept of Production Function: Breakeven analysis, Profit Forecasting in Short Run, Law of Variable Proportion.
• Concept of Cost and Revenue: Short Run and Long Run Cost Curve, Concept of Total Average and Marginal Revenue, Relationship between Average Revenue, Marginal Revenue and Elasticity of Demand and Price.
• Determination of Price: Determination of Price under Perfect competition, Monopoly and Monopolistic Competition, Price Discrimination.
• Determination of Income and Employment: Aggregate Demand and its components, Short run equilibrium output, Investment multiplier, Full employment and involuntary unemployment. Excess and Deficit demand.

BUSINESS MANAGEMENT:

• Management: Introduction, Meaning, Nature and Characteristics, Scope and Functional Areas of Management, Management as a Science, Art and Profession, Management and Administration, Management as a Process, Management Principles Planning:, Planning Process, Management by Objectives
• Organising: Types, Principles of Organization, Committees, Span of Control, Delegation, Decentralization
• Staffing-meaning, importance and functions of Staffing
• Direction: Meaning and Theories of Leadership
• Communication
• Motivation: Theory X and Y and Maslow Need Hierarchy Theory, Herzberg Theory of motivation.
• Leadership: meaning, importance and types.
• Control: Meaning Features & Principles of Control.

BUSINESS STATISTICS:

• Introduction to Statistics: Definition, Scope, Function and Limitations of Statistics
• Measures of Central Tendency: Arithmetic, Geometric and Harmonic Mean, Median
• Mode Measures of Dispersion: Range, Quartile Deviation, Mean Deviation, Standard Deviation, Coefficient of Variation
• Correlation Analysis: Simple Correlation between Two Variables (grouped and ungrouped data), Rank Correlation
• Simple Regression Analysis
• Sampling and Sampling Techniques

BUSINESS LAWS:

• Indian Contract Act,1872
  Contract – Meaning, Characteristics and kinds, Essentials of valid contract - Offer and acceptance, consideration, contractual capacity, free consent. Discharge of contract – Modes of discharge Breach of Contracts and its remedies. Contract of Indemnity and Guarantee Contract of Bailment & Pledge, Contract of Agency
• Sale Of Goods Act,1930
  Contract of sale, meaning and difference between sale and agreement to sell., Conditions and warranties, Transfer of ownership in goods including sale by non-owners, Performance of contract of sale, Unpaid seller – meaning and rights of an unpaid seller against the goods and the buyer.

COMPANIES ACT, 2013

• Introduction To Company and Kinds of Companies,
• Formation Of A Company,
• Company Administration: Key Managerial Personnel
• Corporate Meetings
• Takeover and acquisitions of minority interest
• Winding up: Concept –modes of winding up –who can apply –procedures under different modes

INCOME TAX LAWS:

• Basic Concepts
• Residence and Scope of Total Income, Incomes which do not form part of Total Income
• Salaries
• Capital Gains
• Income from Other Sources
• Deductions from Gross Total Income
• Tax Deduction at Source

• Databases: Keys, Normalization, SQL Basic commands and basics of backup and recovery.
• Programming: Basics of C-Language, Basics of OOPS, Arrays, Stacks, Pointers, Inorder, Preorder, Postorder, Binary Trees, Linked Lists, Searching and sorting.
• System Architecture: Number conversions, Microprocessor architecture, Register, ALU, RISC/CISC, Hardware Knowledge.
• Software Engineering: Basics of OS, Basics of UML, Prototyping, Deadlocks, RAD Model, SDLC, Complexity, Testing and Maintenance.
• Networks: OSI, TCP/IP, Networking devices, IPv4/IPv6, Error detection and correction.

• Microeconomics: Utility Analysis, Demand and Supply Analysis, Elasticity, Production, Cost and Revenue, Market Structure-Perfect Competition, Monopoly, Monopolistic Competition, Oligopoly.
• Macroeconomics: National income, Circular Flow of Income, Classical Theory, Consumption function, Investment, Keynesian Theory, Monetary Policy, Fiscal Policy, Balance of Payment, Money and Banking.
• Statistical Methods and Quantitative Techniques: Data collection, Central Tendency, Dispersion, Correlations, Regression, Matrix, Differenation, Integration, Maxima and Minima.
• Indian Economy: Structure of Indian Economy, Planning in India, Basic Issues in Agriculture, Issues in Industrial Development, External Sector.
• Public Finance: Nature and Scope of Public Finance, Taxable Capacity, Direct vs. Indirect Taxes, Incidence of Taxation, Public Debt.
• Economics of development: Human Development index, Dualistic Development, Lewis Model of Unlimited Supply of Labour, Development Strategies, Capital formation.

Unit 1: Literary Terms

• Style
• Simile
• Metaphor
• Plot
• Character
• Hero
• Protagonist
• Antagonist
• Verse
• Prose
• Drama
• Novel
• Ballad
• Elegy
• Ode
• Sonnet

Unit 2: Literary Movements

• Symbolism
• Modernism
• Feminism
• Postmodernism
• Romanticism
• Realism
• Existentialism

Unit 3: The Prologue to Canterbury Tales by Geoffrey Chaucer

• Knight
• Monk
• The Wife of Bath
• The Host
• Social Relevance

Unit 4: William Shakespeare

• Popular Works
• Shakespearean Sonnet
• The Merchant of Venice

Unit 6: Romantic & Victorian Literature

• William Wordsworth: “Daffodils”, “She Dwelt among the Untrodden Ways”
• Charles Dickens: Great Expectations

Unit 7: Modern and Contemporary literature

• W.B.Yeats : “The Wild Swans at Coole”
• Rabindranath Tagore: “Where the mind is Without Fear”
• R.K.Narayan: Swami and Friends

• Grammar: Parts of speech – Noun, Pronoun, Adjective, Adverb, Verb, Preposition, Conjunction Interjection; Tenses – Present, Past and Future Tense in Active and Passive Form; Modal Verbs – Can, Could, May, might, Should, Will, would, punctuation, independent and dependent clauses, sentence and its types, determiners
• Associative Language Skills: Vocabulary – Antonyms, Synonyms, Homonyms, Homographs, one-word substitution, Word Analogies, Idioms and Phrases.
• Common Errors: Sentence Correction and Error Finding Exercises.
• Comprehension Passages: Closed and Open paragraphs, identifying key ideas or theme.

• Earth’s interior, rocks and mass movements
• Geomorphic agents and processes
• Methods of showing relief and weather data
• Map Projections
• Remote Sensing and GIS in cartography
• Atmospheric Temperature, moisture and precipitation
• Atmospheric pressure and winds
• Climate classifications
• Distribution of temperature and salinity of oceans and seas
• Ocean currents
• Distribution and Density of population
• Industrial development and Indian economy
• Regional disparity; poverty, population explosion, globalization
• Classification of resources
• Emerging environmental issues
• Fauna and flora of different ecosystem
• Salient features of human settlements
• Basics of regionalization
• Natural and cultural region
• Classification of industries

• Reporting;
• News and TV Journalism;
• Basics of internet;
• Social networking sites as infocom tool;
• Web Page Development;
• History of Film;
• Genres of the Film;
• Cinema in world;
• Pre and post-independence journalism in India;
• History of radio and television;
• Elements and Models of communication;
• Theories of mass communication; Introduction to communication;
• Role of the mass media;
• International Relation; Advertising and Printing;
• Mass Communication Theories;
• Introduction to international system;
• History of media;
• International history of media;
• Basic history of cinema;
• Asthetics of Pre Production stage: Plot, script writing, screenplay, production Design;
• Asthetics of Production stage: Camera shots, camera angles, camera movements, Direction basics, Cinematography basics; Asthetics of Post Production stage : Basic Editing information, Basic sound information, Basic sound Design information

General Aptitude: Numbers, Percentage, Profit, Loss & Discount, Ratio & Proportion, Simple & Compound Interest, Permutation& Combination & Probability, Time & Distance, Boats & Streams, Races & Games, Time & Work, Pipes & Cistern, Calendar & Clocks, Area, Series completion & Coding – Decoding & Alphabet test, Direction sense test & Blood relations &arrangements, Syllogism, Number, Ranking & Time sequence test, Arithmetical reasoning, Inserting the missing character, Data sufficiency, Cubes and dice, Non-verbal reasoning.

General Awareness: Indian History, Indian Politics, Indian Economy, Financial and Economic news, Budget and National Plan, Who is Who, Sports Events, Books and Authors, Awards and Honours, Science Invention and Discoveries, Abbreviations, Important Days and Weeks, International and National Organizations, Current National and International Affairs.

Dravyaguna: History of dravyaguna, Classification of Dravya, Rasa-panchak, Karma, Jangam Dravya, Posology, Time of administration, Mishrak varga, Controversial drugs, Nighantus.

Pharmacognosy: History, Carbohydrate, Tannins, Glycoside, Resins, Alkaloids, Cell inclusions, Drug evaluation, Volatile drugs, Marine drugs Rasa-Shastra & Bhaishjya Kalpana: Rasa Shala including GMP, Paribhasha, Yantra- Musha & Puta, Rasa kalpa, Classification of Rasa dravya, Parada, Fundamental principles of B.K and Saveeryata, Panchvid Kasaya Kalpana, Dwatyka (Secondary) Kalpana, Mana.

Analysis: T.L.C- H.P.T.L.C, H.P.L.C, Gas chromatography, Physico-chemical parameters, Standardization of Ayurvedic formulations, U.V Spectroscopy, I.R, N.M.R, Mass spectroscopy, Titration.

Constitutional Law of India:

Preamble, Nature, Citizenship, Fundamental Rights, Directive Principles of State Policy, Fundamental Duties, Union and state executive, Judiciary, Tribunal, Elections, Emergency and Amendment of Constitution.

Jurisprudence

Nature, Administration of Justice, Sources, Legal Concepts, Rights, Ownership, Possession, Person, Titles, Liability Law of Property and Obligation, Legal Fiction, Theories of Justice.

Other Law Subjects

Family Law, Labour Law, Public International law, New Criminal Laws (Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita, Bhartiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, Bhartiya Sakshya Adhiniyam), Law of Contracts, Consumer Protection Law, Alternative Dispute Resolution Mechanism, Intellectual Property Rights (IPR), Company Law, IT Laws, Media Law, Cyber Law and Environment Law.

Components of diet:Carbohydrate and types, Glucose, Osazones, Oxidation, The pentose phosphate pathway

Amino acid: introduction, amino acid classification

Protein: Various levels of protein structure

Enzymes and Coenzymes: Introduction and types

Fatty acids and vitamins: Types, functions and food requirements

Hormones: Types, Secretion sources, Functions, Effects

Nucleic acids: Introduction, sources and types

Glycolysis, Gluconeogenesis The Citric Acid Cycle: Glycolysis, ETC pathway, Catalytic reactions, oxidative decarboxylation, intermediate of the citric acid cycle;

Water: Ions, molecules, Water and Electrolyte balance; Acid base: Strong and weak acid, pH, buffer and effectiveness of a buffer.

Morphology of root, stem and leaf and their modifications.

Flower, inflorescence, seed and fruits.

Development of male and female gametophytes, pollination, fertilization and development of embryo.

Seed germination, growth and development.

Cell and cellular functions, tissues, anatomy of root, stem and leaf of both monocot and dicots, secondary growth.

Elementary study of Plant Physiology

• Structure of root hair, uptake of water and minerals root pressure and transpiration.
• Structure of stomata, stomatal movement, factors affecting stomatal activity, and carbon assimilation.
• Translocation and storage of food materials.
• Respiration
• Mineral nutrition and metabolism.
• Plant hormones and vitamins.

Plant taxonomy and elementary study of the following families

• Brassicaceae (Cruciferae)
• Fabaceae (Leguminosae)
• Malvaceae
• Solanaceae
• Cucurbitaceae
• Asteraceae (compositae)
• Poaceae (Gramineae)

Classification of plant kingdom. A brief study of the following groups/plants

• Viruses
• Bacteria
• Spirogyra
• Mucor/Rhizopus
• Moss
• Fern
• Cycas

General characters of Algae, Fungi, Bryophytes, Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms and Angiosperms. Heteromorphic alternation of generation.

Natural resources and their conservation; environment and pollution-air, water and soil. community, ecosystem, pyramids, energy flow, mineral cycles, and succession.

Plant tissue culture, biotechnology and its applications.

Molecular Biology- DNA, RNA, Replication, Transcription, DNA damage and repair.

Biochemistry with special reference to carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, enzymes and metabolism.

Genetics- Mendel’s laws of inheritance, Linkage, Sex-linked inheritance, Cytoplasmic inheritance, Morgan’s work with Drosophila, Pedigree analysis, Hardy-Weinberg law, Chromosomal theory of inheritance.

Plant Pathology- general features of plant diseases, general symptoms shown by pathogen infected plants, special emphasis on diseases caused by fungi and bacteria in rice, wheat, potato, fruits and vegetables.

Chapter-1: Cell Biology

Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, Animal cell and plant cell, Fluid Mosaic Model, Active transport and passive transport, Exocytosis and Endocytosis, Cell Organelles(Endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi complex Lysosomes Mitochondria, Chloroplasts), mitosis and meiosis, Cancer : cancer and cellular basis of cancer

Chapter-2: Genetics

Mendel and his laws, test and back crosses, penetrance and expressivity, pleiotropy, incomplete dominance, co-dominance, Sutton and Boveri's theory of inheritance, sex-linked and sex-limited traits, sex-linked inheritance, Chromosomal Aberrations, aneuploidy and polyploidy mechanism of homologous recombination, Morgan’s experiment on Drosophila, Genetic Mapping, mitochondrial and chloroplast inheritance

Chapter3: Molecular Biology:

Meselson and Stahl experiment, Replication of DNA in prokaryotes and Eukaryotes, Transcription in Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes, RNA splicing, Genetic Code, Translation in Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes, Transcriptional Regulation in Prokaryotes

Chapter-4: Recombinant DNA Technology:

Cloning vectors (Plasmid, bacteriophage, cosmid), PCR: RT-PCR, Real Time PCR, Restriction Enzymes and types, Blotting: Southern, Northern and Western Blotting, Genomic and cDNA Library, Sequencing: Sanger and NGS, Recombinant vaccines and Gene Therapy

Chapter-5: Plant Cell Culture and Applications

Callus and suspension Cultures, Micropropagation, Haploid Production, Protoplast culture and Somatic Hybridization, Somaclonal variations, Germplasm Conservation, Transgenic Plants

Chapter-6: Animal Cell Culture and Applications

Introduction, Animal cell culture techniques, Characterization of cell lines, Methods of gene delivery into cells, Scale-up of animal culture process, Applications of animal cell culture, Stem cell technology, Tissue engineering.

Section 1

Basic concepts of chemistry: Strength of solution, molarity and molality, normality, mole fraction and parts per million

Section 2

Water, Acids and Bases : Theories of acids and bases, water homeostasis, buffer solutions, choice of indicators for acid-base titration

Section 3

Carbohydrates: Introduction and classification of carbohydrates, digestion of the carbohydrates, biological significance, important properties of carbohydrates

Section 4

Lipids: Introduction and classification, properties of fat; lipoproteins; steroids and triglycerides

Section 5

Proteins: Introduction to amino acids, classification of proteins, structure of proteins; properties of proteins

Section 6

Enzymes: Introduction and classification; factors affecting enzyme action; enzyme inhibition; iso-enzymes

Section 7

Nucleic acids: Introduction and classification; DNA and RNA; Watson and Crick Model; types of DNA

Section 8

Vitamins and Co-enzymes: Introduction and classification, water soluble vitamins; fat soluble vitamins, coenzymes and cofactor

Section 9

Hormones: Introduction and classification; mechanism of action and secondary messenger; amino acid and peptide hormones; steroid hormones

Section 10

Immunology: Innate and adaptive immunity; cellular and humoral immunity; antigen and antibody interaction; antigen processing and presentation.

PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY

Atomic and Molecular Structure: Fundamental particles; Bohr’s theory of hydrogen-like atom; wave-particle duality; uncertainty principle; Schrödinger’s wave equation; quantum numbers; shapes of orbitals; Hund’s rule and Pauli’s exclusion principle; electronic configuration of simple homonuclear diatomic molecules.

Theory of Gases: Equation of state for ideal and non-ideal (van der Waals) gases; Kinetic theory of gases; Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution law; equipartition of energy.

Solid state: Crystals and crystal systems; X-rays; NaCl and KCl structures; close packing; atomic and ionic radii; radius ratio rules; lattice energy; Born-Haber cycle; isomorphism; heat capacity of solids.

Chemical Thermodynamics-I: Reversible and irreversible processes; first law and its application to ideal and nonideal gases.

Chemical Thermodynamics-II: Thermochemistry; second law; entropy and free energy; criteria for spontaneity.

Chemical Equilibria-I: Law of mass action; Kp, Kc, Kx and Kn; effect of temperature on K.

Chemical Equilibria-II: Ionic equilibria in solutions; pH and buffer solutions; hydrolysis; solubility product.

Phase Equilibria: Phase equilibria–phase rule and its application to one-component and two-component systems; colligative properties.

Electrochemistry-I: Conductance and its applications; transport number; galvanic cells; EMF and free energy.

Electrochemistry-II: concentration cells with and without transport; polarography; Debey-Huckel-Onsagar theory of strong electrolytes.

Chemical Kinetics-I: Reactions of various order; Arrhenius equation; collision theory; transition state theory; chain reactions – normal and branched.

Chemical Kinetics-II: Enzyme kinetics; photochemical processes; catalysis.

Adsorption: Gibbs adsorption equation; adsorption isotherm; types of adsorption; surface area of adsorbents; surface films on liquids.

Spectroscopy: Beer-Lambert law; fundamental concepts of rotational, vibrational, electronic and magnetic resonance spectroscopy.

Solutions and Colligative Properties: Dilute solutions; lowering of vapour pressure, Raoult’s and Henry’s Laws and their applications. Thermodynamic derivation using chemical potential to derive relations between the four colligative properties: (i) relative lowering of vapour pressure, (ii) elevation of boiling point, (iii) Depression of freezing point, (iv) osmotic pressure and amount of solute.

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY

Basic Concepts in Organic Chemistry: Electronic effects (resonance, inductive, hyper conjugation) and steric effects and its applications (acid/base property).

Stereochemistry-I: Optical isomerism in compounds with and without any stereocenters (allenes, biphenyls).

Stereochemistry-II: Conformation of acyclic systems (substituted ethane/n-propane/n-butane) and cyclic systems (mono- and di-substituted cyclohexanes).

Reaction Intermediates: Chemistry of reactive intermediates (carbocations, carbanions, free radicals, carbenes, nitrenes, benzynes etc…).

Organic Reaction Mechanism and Synthetic Applications-I: Simmons-Smith reaction, Reimer-Tiemann reaction, Michael reaction, Darzens reaction, Wittig reaction and McMurry reaction; Baeyer-Villeger reaction; oxidation and reduction reactions in organic chemistry; Diels-Alder, electrocyclic and sigmatropic reactions; functional group inter-conversions and structural problems using chemical reactions.

Organic Reaction Mechanism and Synthetic Applications-II: Hofmann-Curtius-Lossen rearrangement, Wolff rearrangement, Pinacol-pinacolone, Favorskii, benzilic acid rearrangement, dienone-phenol rearrangement.

Reagents in Organic Synthesis: Organometallic reagents in organic synthesis (Grignard, organolithium and organocopper);

Qualitative Organic Analysis: Identification of functional groups by chemical tests; elementary UV, IR and 1H NMR spectroscopic techniques as tools for structural elucidation.

Natural Products Chemistry: Classification, Chemistry and applications of alkaloids, steroids, terpenes and terpenoids.

Chemistry of Carbohydrates: occurrence, classification and their biological importance, monosaccharides - constitution and absolute configuration of glucose and fructose, epimers and anomers, mutarotation, determination of ring size of glucose and fructose, Haworth projections and conformational structures, interconversions of aldoses and ketoses, disaccharides (maltose, lactose and sucrose).

Chemistry of Amino Acids, Protein and Enzymes: Amino acids, peptides and their classification, alpha amino acids - synthesis, ionic properties and reactions, zwitterions, pKa values, isoelectric point, protein denaturation/renaturation. Enzymes: classification and characteristics of enzymes, salient features of active site of enzymes, mechanism of enzyme action, coenzymes and their role in biological reactions.

Aromatic Chemistry: Monocyclic, bicyclic and tricyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: synthesis, reactivity and properties.

Heterocyclic Chemistry: Monocyclic compounds with one hetero atom: synthesis, reactivity and properties.

INORGANIC CHEMISTRY

Periodic Table: Periodic classification of elements and periodicity in properties; general methods of isolation and purification of elements.

Chemical Bonding: Types of bonding; VSEPR theory and shapes of molecules; hybridization; dipole moment.

Acids and bases: Brönsted-Lowry concept of acid-base reactions, solvated proton, relative strength of acids, types of acid-base reactions, Lewis acid-base concept, hard and soft acids and bases, application of HSAB principle. Non-aqueous solvents.

Ionic Solids: Ionic solids; structure of NaCl, CsCl, diamond and graphite; lattice energy.

Main Group Elements (s and p blocks): General concepts on group relationships and gradation in properties; structure of electron deficient compounds involving main group elements.

Transition Metals (d block): Characteristics of 3d elements; oxide, hydroxide and salts of first row metals; coordination complexes: structure, isomerism, reaction mechanism and electronic spectra.

Bonding theories of Coordination complexes: VBT, MOT and Crystal Field theoretical approaches for structure, color and magnetic properties of metal complexes.

Organometallic chemistry: Organometallic compounds having ligands with back bonding capabilities such as metal carbonyls, carbenes, nitrosyls and metallocenes; homogenous catalysis.

Bioinorganic Chemistry: Essentials and trace elements of life; basic reactions in the biological systems and the role of metal ions, especially Fe²⁺, Fe³⁺, Cu²⁺ and Zn²⁺, Structure and function of haemoglobin and myoglobin and carbonic anhydrase.

Instrumental Methods of Analysis-I: Basic principles; instrumentations and simple applications of conductometry, potentiometry and UV-vis spectrophotometry.

Instrumental Methods of Analysis-II: Analysis of water, air and soil samples.

Analytical Chemistry-I: Principles of qualitative and quantitative analysis; acid-base, oxidation-reduction and complexometric titrations using EDTA.

Analytical Chemistry-II: Precipitation reactions; use of indicators; use of organic reagents in inorganic analysis.

Structure and composition of earth: Atmosphere: structure and temperature profile, Hydrosphere: solid liquid and gaseous water, Lithosphere: earth composition and processes.

Earth processes: Structure and composition of earth crusts, physical properties of important minerals and rocks, formation of soil: weathering, erosion, transportation and deposition, energy balance of the earth.

Atmospheric chemistry: Structure and chemical composition of the atmosphere, atmospheric turbulence, lapse rate and stability, scale height, dispersion of pollutants, greenhouse gases and global warming.

Water chemistry: Properties of water, hydrological cycle, sources of water: groundwater and surface water resources, water balance, water pollution and management.

Geochemistry: Atomic Structure and properties of elements, abundance, distribution, and chemical elements and their isotope in earth, the Periodic Table; ionic substitution in minerals, redox reactions, thermodynamics, sedimentary environments.

Cell Structure and Functions: Cell biology and cell totipotency.

Bio-geochemical Cycles: Carbon cycle, nitrogen cycle, phosphorus cycle, sulphur cycle and hydrological cycle.

Theories of Evolution: Evolution of lithosphere, genetic drift, homologous and analogous organs, hydrosphere, atmosphere, biosphere, and cryosphere, life in Precambrian era.

Genetics: Structure of DNA, principles of inheritance, epistasis, genetic drift, speciation, mutation and gene repair mechanism.

Plant Systematics: Modern system of plant classification, bryophytes, pteridophytes, gymnosperms, angiosperms, photosynthesis and plant physiology.

Animal Systematics: Taxonomy and phylogenetic relationship and representation, classification of animals.

Anatomy and Physiology of Human: Gross and microscopic anatomy, respiration, circulation, digestion and excretion process, biochemical cascades and cycles, ATP generation.

Biosphere and its Organizational Levels: Biomes, types of biome, Ecosystem characteristics, communities of species, population count.

Structure and types of Ecosystem: Basic structure and function of ecosystem, types of ecosystems: aquatic and terrestrial, characteristic features of an ecosystem.

Food Chain and Energy Flow: Types of food chains, importance, food webs, energy transfer through trophic levels, energy balance and energy loss, energy law.

Population and Community Ecosystem: Population structure, growth and death rates, alpha, beta and gamma diversity, reproduction and method to control population, carrying capacity.

Biodiversity: Importance, levels of Biodiversity, Concept of Endangered, threaten vulnerable, rare and endemic species, trade and threat to biodiversity and protection.

Conservation: Environmental conservation, in-situ: protected areas, biosphere reserves, ex-situ: botanical garden, zoological parks, seed and gene bank.

Principles of Microbiology: Microbes, micro-organisms in air, water, soil: importance and threat, microbes in sewage treatment, applications in industry and environment.

Protein Structure: Primary, secondary, tertiary and quarterly structure of proteins, roles in metabolism and growth.

Pathogenic Organisms: Major classes of bacterial and viral pathogens and diseases caused by them.

Structure of DNA and Chromosome: DNA, double helix structure, orientation and sites for Nucleotides.

DNA Replication: Transcription, translation: Steps of DNA replication, editing and proof reading, Synthesis of proteins.

Mutation: Levels of mutation: genetic and chemical mutation, types: deletion, insertion, multiplication, base pair substitution and frame shift mutation.

Recombinant DNA Technology: Genetic recombination, recombinant DNA organism, role of recombinant DNA technology in pharmacology, agriculture and environment protection.

Application of Biotechnology: In medicine, industry, agriculture and environment.

Natural Resources: Classification on basis of origin, exhaustibility, benefits to mankind, conservation and sustainable use.

Energy Recovery: Identification, segregation of energy giving materials, extraction of energy from waste.

Air Pollution: Sources of pollution, gaseous pollution, particulate matter, micro-organisms, and pollution control devices, standards for gaseous and particulate matter in air, Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981.

Water Pollution: Sources of pollution: point and non-point, eutrophication, bio-chemical oxygen demand, effect of pollution on water parameters, monitoring, prevention and control of water pollution, Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974.

Soil Pollution: Sources, loading of industrial waste, effect on soil fertility and properties, prevention of soil pollution.

Noise pollution: Sources, noise levels, effect on physiology and behaviour of organisms, monitoring, Standards for commercial, residential and industrial areas, regulations.

Solid Waste Management: Sources, collection, segregation, transportation and conversion process, landfill sites and maintenance.

Ozone Layer Depletion: Ozone concentration in atmosphere, formation and breakdown, effect of chlorine and fluorine on ozone molecule, significance of ozone and effects of depletion.

Global Warming and Climate Change: Concentration of greenhouse gases, increase in earth temperature, effects on seasons and weather pattern, climate change and its consequences.

Acid Rain and Smog: pH, acidity and dissolved matter in rain water, primary and secondary pollutants, smog formation: sources and chemical reactions, effect on human structure and agriculture.

Sustainable Development: Concept of Sustainability, need, Sustainable Development: savage to environment deterioration.

Environmental Acts: Environment Protection Act, 1986, importance and role in environmental protection.

Environmental Impact Assessment: Concept of EIA, formulation and need, Role of EIA in assessing environmental effects of development, mitigation and regulation via EIA.

Society and Environment: Interaction between components of environment, role and responsibilities of individual in conservation of environment, environmental balance.

Forensic Science: definition, ethics in forensic science, scope, History and development of forensic science: world and India

Laws and Principles of Forensic Science: Law of Exchange, Law of Individuality, Law of Comparison, Law of Progressive Changes and Law of Probability, Branches of Forensic Science.

Forensic science labs: Status and set-up of forensic science in India, divisions and their function, Laboratory information management system, roles and responsibilities of forensic scientist

Crime science management: Nature and search methods, securing and processing of crime scene, sketching, photography, survey, Collection and packaging of evidences, chain of custody

Evidences: types and levels of evidences, transfer and persistence, forensic significance, Frye’s and Daubert’s rules, admissibility of forensic evidence in court

Criminology: types and casues of crimes, their forensic evaluations, theories of crime and investigations. Victimology and its relation to forensic science

Criminal investigations: Unnatural deaths, Criminal assaults, Sexual offences, Poisoning, Vehicular accidents, Taphonomy and its effect on forensic investigations

Medico-legal aspects of forensic medicine: definitions and basics: asphyxia, rigor mortis, algor mortis, mummification, Time Since Death: Immediate changes, Livor, Rigor and Algor mortis, cadaveric spasm, cold stiffening and heat stiffening. Putrefaction, mummification, adipocere and maceration, post-mortem artifacts.

Courts and laws: types of courts and jurisdictions, functioning, mens rea; CrPC 1973 and Indian Evidence Act pertaining to evidences, judicial organization; offences against persons, property etc., Right of Equality (Articles 14 to 18) and Right of Freedom (Articles 19 to 22) as per Constitution of India

Forensic expert: Procedures and rules in court, pre-court preparation, testimonies- expert and witness; prosecution and defence counsels, expert’s role; cross examination, court appearances; report format for laboratory finding presentation in courts

Instrumental technique: basics, importance and applications. Microscopy, Electrophoresis: High and Low voltage electrophoresis, Immuno-electrophoresis, Immunoassays

Analytical methods: Spectroscopy and spectrometry, Chromatography: TLC, GC, HPLC, HPTLC

Miscellaneous techniques: X-rays, XRF, XRD, Neutron Activation Analysis

Impressions: types, nature, significance of tool marks, tyre marks, their collection, preservation, analysis, different comparison techniques

Dermatoglyphics: types and importance, fingerprints as evidence, basis for the science of fingerprints, Visible Fingermarks, Latent Fingermarks and their development methods

Forensic psychology: nature and need, techniques and methods, Polygraph, Narco-analysis, Brain Electrical Oscillation Signature (BEOS), importance in forensic science

Bloodstain spatter analysis: terminologies, pattern types and importance, reconstruction, Droplet Directionality from bloodstain patterns, Determination of Point of Convergence and Point of Origin, Impact spatter and mechanisms, Importance and Legal aspects of BPA.

Forensic anthropology: importance, identification of human skeletal remains, collection and preservation of remain, laboratory analysis of remains, age estimation, sex determination, stature estimation, ancestry determination, facial reconstruction, disaster victim identification

Questioned document examination: General Characteristics, Individual Characteristics, Development of Individuality in Handwriting Comparison of Handwriting: Natural Variations, Fundamental Divergences. Forgery and its types and characteristics, identification and examination of forgeries.

Fundamental of forensic ballistics: Definition and scope, Types of evidences associated, History and mechanism of Muzzleloaders (Match lock, Wheel lock, Flint lock firearms), Briefs of Pinfire, Rimfire and Centrefire systems of firearms, Introduction to Shotgun, Revolver, Pistol, Rifle and Country Made/ Improvised Firearms. Proof Marks of Weapons.

Forensic quality management system: Need of maintaining quality of Forensic laboratories, Definition of Accreditation, Benefits of Accreditation, National Accreditation Board for Testing and Calibration Laboratories (NABL), International Laboratory Accreditation Co-operation (ILAC), Asia Pacific Laboratory Accreditation Co-operation (APLAC). American Society of Crime Laboratory Directors (ASCLD), International Organization for Standardization (ISO), Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS).

Fire & Arson: Light and Flame, Chemistry of Fire, Combustion reaction, Fire Triangle, Fire Tetrahedron; Accelerants & types of accelerants, Combustible and Flammable liquids, Flash point, Fire point, Ignition point, Forensic and legal Concepts, determining origin and cause; Fire patterns, Collection/Preservation of Arson Evidences, Flashover, Backdraught, Live or dead at time of arson; Documenting the fire or crime scene.

Explosives: Definition of Explosives, History of Explosives, Deflagration and Detonation phenomenon (Redox Chemistry, Kinetics- Molecular Theory of gases & Gas Laws), Characteristics of high and low explosives, Dust explosion, Gas/vapour explosion, BLEVE, Effect of blast wave on structures & human and Pyrotechnics.

Improvised Explosive Device: Definition of IED, Components of IED, Explosives Initiation (Explosive Trains); Types (Molotov cocktail, Letter bomb, Pipe bomb, VBIED and CBRN), Detection of Hidden Explosives, Specific approach to scene of explosion, Reconstruction of sequence of events, Pre-blast and Post blast residue collection, Systematic examination of explosives and explosion residues in the laboratory using chemical and instrumental techniques and interpretation of results.

Liquors (Alcoholic beverages): Definition, classification of liquors based on origin (Indian Made Foreign Liquors, Country Made Liquors and Illicit Liquors), Fermented and Distilled methods (Pot Still and Continuous Still), Characteristics of Beer, wines and Whisky, Congeners in alcoholic beverages, Laws and penalties as per Excise/ Act, laboratory methods of determination alcoholic strength, Forensic analysis of distilled and fermented liquors including illicit liquors.

Toxicology: types of poisons (systemic and non-systemic), Absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion of poisons, antemortem and post-mortem symptoms, sample collection, preservation, chemical and analytical examinations

Drugs of abuse: Depressants, stimulants, hallucinogens: their pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, forensic importance, collection, preservation and analysis- chemical and instrumental; designer drugs

Trace evidences: Glass- physical properties, forensic significance, physical, chemical and instrumental examinations, glass fractures, reconstruction; comparison; Paints- forensic significance, physical, chemical and instrumental examinations, comparative techniques; Soil- collection, preservation, physical and chemical analysis, forensic significance.

Blood: Composition and functions, Human Blood groups: General Principles, theory of their inheritance, Blood group determination from fresh blood, titer, rauleaux formation and Bombay blood group.

Forensic Characterization of Blood: Collection, preservation and analysis. Chemistry and properties, Presumptive and Confirmatory tests, Individualization (Blood Grouping, Polymorphic enzyme typing)

Forensic Characterization of Semen: Formation, Composition, Morphology of spermatozoa, forensic significance, Presumptive and Confirmatory tests (including Azoospermic semen stains) Individualization (Blood Grouping, seminal fluid isozymes typing, forensic significance, Collection and analysis of evidences in Rape cases.

Body fluids: Forensic significance of other body fluids as Saliva, Sweat and fecal matters, their collection, preservation, analysis and identification.

Biological fluids: Blood grouping from stains of various body fluids by Absorption-inhibition, Absorption-elution and mixed agglutination techniques, determination of secretor/non-secretor status.

Serological Techniques: Primary binding assays (ELISA, Immunochromatographic assays), Secondary binding assays (Precipitation based assays- Immunodiffusion and electrophoretic methods for species Identification, Agglutination based assays-Direct agglutination assay, Passive agglutination assay)

DNA Profiling: Introduction, History of DNA Typing, molecular biology of DNA, variations, polymorphism, DNA Extraction-Organic and Inorganic extraction, Comparison of Extraction methods, Commercial kits, Comparison of DNA with an individual, siblings and relatives

Advanced DNA analysis: DNA typing systems- RFLP analysis, PCR amplifications, sequence polymorphism. Analysis of SNP, YSTR, Mitochondrial DNA, Ancient DNA typing, Evaluation of results

Wild Life Forensics: Introduction, importance, protected and endangered species of Animals and Plants, Identification of wild life materials such as skin, bones, nails, horn, teeth, flowers and plants, by conventional and modern methods, Identification of Pug marks of various animals.

Botanical evidences: Introduction, types, location, collection evaluation and forensic significance, Wood: Type of wood and their identification and comparison, Pollens: Structure, function, methods of identification and comparison.

Forensic Hair characterization: Morphology and types, their importance, nature, location, collection, evaluation and tests for their identification: Species of origin, variation in different major population groups, somatic origin. Methods of Individualization: Blood grouping, enzyme typing and DNA typing.

Basics of statistics: Mean, median, mode, probability; Forensic applications of statistics and their implications in interpretation of results.

Unit1: Introduction to Food Science: Packaging as a unit operation., Introduction toFood Science, The Impact of Food Science on Society, Unit operations in FoodProcessing

Unit 2: Food Deterioration and its control: Shelf life and dating of foods, Major causes of food deterioration, Some principles of food preservation, Control of micro-organisms, Control of enzymes and other factors, Growth of micro-organisms in foods

Unit 3: Thermal Processing: The Heat Process, The D-value Concept, EstimatingProcessing Times, The z and Fo Values, Continuous Agitating Retort, The hydrostatic cooker, The HTST process, Aseptic fill method, The Sous-Vide Process

Unit 4: Drying: Packaging of dried foods, Deterioration of dried foods, Factors affecting drying rate, Types of driers, Grain drying theory, grain dryers, ; Liquid dryers

Unit 5: Physical chemistry of foods: Sols, Gels, Pectin gels, Colloidal sols, Stabilization of colloidal system, Syneresis, Emulsions, Properties of emulsions, Formation of emulsion, Emulsifying agent, Food foams, Formation, stability and destruction of foam, Application of colloidal chemistry to Food preparation

Unit 6: Low Temperature Preservation: Refrigeration, Requirement of refrigerated storage, Changes in food during refrigerated storage, Freezing, The Preservative Effect of Freezing, Freezing methods, Quality changes during frozen storage, Freezingcurve, Changes during freezing, Rate of freezing

Unit7: Waste Disposal and Sanitation: Waste water, Hardness of water, Break point chlorination, Physical and chemical impurities, BOD and COD, Waste water treatment, Milk plant sanitation, CIP, Sanitizers used in food industry

Unit 8: Scope and development of food chemistry: moisture in foods, role and type of water in foods, functional properties of water, water activity and sorption isotherm,molecular mobility and foods stability

Unit9: Carbohydrates: changes of carbohydrates on cooking, modification of carbohydrates, dietary fibres and carbohydrates digestibility, Enzymatic and chemical reactions of carbohydrates

Unit 10: Proteins in foods: processing induced physical changes in protein, chemical and nutritional changes, chemical and enzymatic modification of protein

Unit 11: Lipids in foods : role and use of lipids/fat, crystallization and consistency, chemical aspects of lipids, lipolysis, auto-oxidation, thermal decomposition, chemistry of frying technology of fat and oil

Unit 12: Minerals and vitamins in food Role of minerals in nutrition, role of vitamins in nutrition, classification, chemical structures and functions

Unit13: Overview of post harvest technology Concept and science of post harvest technology, production and post harvest losses, reasons for losses, importance of loss reduction, Water activity, water binding and its effect on enzymatic and nonenzymatic reactions and food texture, control of water activity and moisture

Unit 14: Post harvest handling operations: Cleaning: Cleaning of grains, washing of fruits and vegetables fruits and vegetables, types of cleaners, screens: types of screens, rotary screens, vibrating screens, machinery for cleaning of fruits and vegetables (air cleaners, washers), cleaning efficiency, care and maintenance, Sorting and grading: Sorting, grading, methods of grading, Grading- Size grading, colour grading, specific gravity grading, equipment’s for grading of fruits and vegetables, their grading efficiency

Unit 15: Separation and Drying: Magnetic separator, destoners, electrostatic separators, pneumatic separator, Decorticating and shelling: Principles of working, design and constructional details, operating parameters, maintenance, etc. of various decorticators/dehullers/shellers, description of groundnut decorticators, maize shellers

Unit 16: Parboiling: Parboiling: process, changes during parboiling, parboiling methods, advantages and disadvantages of parboiling with respect to milling, nutritional and cooking quality of grain, significance of glass transition temperature

Unit 17: Milling: Milling: milling, polishing, grinding, Milling equipments, dehuskers, polishers (abrasion, friction, water jet), flour milling machines, pulse milling machines,

Unit 18: Materials handling: Introduction to different conveying equipment’s used for handling of grains, conveying equipment’s used for fruits and vegetables, Scope and importance of material handling devices, Study of different material handling systems: Classification, principles of operation, conveyor system selection/design, Belt conveyor: Principle, characteristics, design and operation, Chain conveyer: Principle of operation, advantages, disadvantages; design, Screw conveyor: Principle of operation, advantages, disadvantages, Bucket Conveyer: capacity, speed, principles of operation, Pneumatic conveying system: Capacity and power

Unit 19: Introduction to fruits and vegetable processing Importance of fruits and vegetables, Nutritive value of fruits and vegetables, History and need of preservation, Reasons of spoilage, Methods of preservation

Unit 20: Commercial Canning of fruits and vegetables: Factors essential for running canning unit, Basic steps in Canning Process, Processing Methods, Canning of Mango, Pineapple, Cherries, Canning of Peas, tomato, mushroom, Selection of fruits and vegetables, Spoilage in canned foods, Containers for Packing, Lacquering, Factors affecting process time and temperature, Syrups and brines for canning

Unit 21: Jam, Jellies and Marmalades Definition, Types and varieties of fruits used in preparation, Ingredients for jam and jellies: gelling agents, sweetening agents, acidulants, coloring and flavorings, Processing and Technology for Jams, Jelly and Marmalade, Defects in Jellies and marmalades, Theory of jelly formation

Unit 22: Fruit beverages: Introduction, Processing of fruit juices, Equipments for fruit juices, Preservation of fruit juices : Pasteurization, chemicals, freezing, drying, carbonation, tetra packing, Processing of squashes, cordials, nectars, concentrates and powder

Unit 23: Pickles, chutneys, sauces and tomato products: Causes of Spoilage in Pickles, Various types of Pickles, Methods of Pickling process, Methods for manufacturing of chutneys and examples, Method for manufacturing of sauces and types, Tomatoes selection, pulping and processing into juice, Manufacturing process of tomato puree and paste, Manufacturing process of ketchup, sauce and soup

Unit 24: Drying of Fruits and Vegetables : Process variation for fruits and vegetables, Packing and storage of dried products, Sun drying, Mechanical dehydration of fruits and vegetables, Other methods of dehydration, By products: Utilizing waste material, Citrus by- products, Citrus oils

Unit 25: Introduction to food engineering Mass and energy balance, Concept of Unit operation, Units and dimensions, Unit conversions, dimensional analysis

Unit 26: Grinding and Mixing: Principle of size reduction, Equipments used in food industry, Size reduction of fibrous food, dry foods and liquid foods

Unit 27: Fluid flow in food processing: Liquid Transport systems, Properties of Liquids, Newton’s Law of Viscosity, Principle of capillary tube and rotational viscometer, Properties of Non-Newtonian fluids, Flow characteristics, Reynolds Number, Bernoulli”s Equation, Principles of Flow Measurement devices

Unit 28: Refrigeration and Freezing: Concept and selection of a refrigerant, Description of a Refrigeration cycle, Pressure Enthalpy charts and Tables, Mathematical expressions useful in analysis of vapour compression refrigeration cycle, Freezing time calculation using Plank’s Equation, Frozen food storage

Unit 29: Heat and Mass Transfer: Convective heat transfer coefficient, overall heat transfer coefficient and design of tubular heat exchanger, Membrane devices used for RO and UF: Plate and Frame, Tubular, Spiral wound and hollow fiber devices, Membrane separation systems-Electrodialysis system, Reverse Osmosis, Membrane System and Ultrafiltration Membrane System, Systems for heating and cooling food products, Thermal Properties of Food, Modes of heat transfer, Estimation of conductive heat transfer coefficient, Fick’s Law of Diffusion, Mass transfer in packaging material

Unit 30: Steam, Evaporation and Dehydration: Basic Drying Process, Moisture content on wet basis and dry basis, Generation of steam, Construction and functions of fire tube and water tube boilers, Thermodynamics of Phase change, Steam tables, Boiling point elevation, Types of evaporations, Design of single effect evaporators, Dehydration system Design

Unit 31: Meat composition and slaughtering: Composition of meat, Nutrition value of meat, Quality of meat, Slaughtering and dressing of buffalo and pig

Unit 32: Meat products & Tenderization of meat : Meat tenderization, Rigor Mortis, Storage of meat, Meat sausages, Comminuted meat products

Unit 33: Poultry and egg processing : Slaughtering and dressing of poultry, grading and processing of poultry, composition and nutritive value of poultry and eggs, Structure of egg, egg grading and preservation

Unit 34: Handling and preservation of poultry and egg : Handling of egg and poultry, packaging, storage and transportation of eggs and poultry, Poultry and egg freezing, egg pasteurization, desugarization and dehydration

Unit 35: Structure, composition and preservation of fish Classification of fish, Structure of fish, Composition and nutrition value of fish, Post mortem changes in fish, Curing, Freezing, Smoking, Drying, Fish protein concentrate, Comminuted fish products

Unit 36: Wheat: Structure of wheat, composition of wheat, Types of wheat, Wheat milling, Flour grade, Flour treatments (bleaching, maturing), Flour for various purposes, Utilization of by products

Unit 37: Rice: Milling of rice (mechanical and solvent extraction), Parboiling of rice, Ageing of rice, Utilization of by products, Composition and structure

Unit 38: Corn: Milling (wet & dry), Types of corn, Nutritive value, Structure of corn, Composition of corn, Utilization of corn, Extruded products of corn

Unit 39: Pulses and Oilseed Pulses: Milling of pulses (Dry milling and Wet milling), Improved milling method, General structure of pulses, Nutritional composition of pulses, Classification of pulses

Oilseeds : Introduction, Extraction of oil and refining, Sources of protein (defatted flour, protein concentrates and isolates), Properties and uses, Protein texturization, refining, hydrogenations, interesterification, safety use of oils and fats in food formulation, Enzymatic and chemical reactions of fats, Rancidity and its types, detection techniques and chemical aspects of lipids, antioxidants

Unit 40: Food safety and regulation Introduction to food quality management: Definition, quality concepts, quality perception, quality attributes, safety, health, sensory, shelf life, National and International laws & Regulations: USFDA, EU, Codex alimentarius, World Trade Organization (Sanitary and Phyto- Sanitary agreement, Technical Barriers in Trade), Standards of Identity and Quality, Labelling standards, FSSAI

General microbiology: History of Development of Microbiology, Equipment’s to measure, microorganism, smear, Autoclave, Pasteurization, culture, prokaryotic cell, biosynthesis, enzymes, growth, Microbial genetics, Industrial microbiology: Fermentation. By-products, Thermo-resistant bacteria, Antibiotic producing organisms, cloning vector; Food microbiology: aflatoxins, health benefits and microorganisms, foodborne pathogens, Germ Theory, epidemiology, infectious cycle, zoonotic, control measures to break infection; Immunology: phagocytosis, immunogenicity, Antibody ,Advanced Microbiology: Agriculture Microbiology, Environment Microbiology, Bacteriology, Virology, Mycology.

Sequences and Series of Real Numbers Sequence of real numbers, Convergence of sequences, Bounded and monotone sequences, Convergence criteria for sequences of real numbers, Cauchy sequences, Subsequences, Bolzano-Weierstrass theorem. Series of real numbers, Absolute convergence, Tests of convergence for series of positive terms – comparison test, ratio test, root test, Leibniz test for convergence of alternating series.

Functions of One Real Variable Limit, Continuity, Intermediate value property, Differentiation, Rolle’s Theorem, Mean value theorem, L'Hospital rule, Taylor ' s theorem, Maxima and minima.

Functions of Two or Three Real Variables Limit, Continuity, Partial derivatives, Differentiability, Maxima and minima.

Integral Calculus Integration as the inverse process of differentiation, Definite integrals and their properties, Fundamental theorem of calculus. Double and triple integrals, Change of order of integration, Calculating surface areas and volumes using double integrals, Calculating volumes using triple integrals.

Differential Equations Ordinary differential equations of the first order of the form y ' =f(x,y), Bernoulli 's equation, Exact differential equations, Integrating factor, Orthogonal trajectories, Homogeneous differential equations, Variable separable equations, Linear Differential equations of second order with constant coefficients, Method of variation of parameters, Cauchy-Euler equation.

Vector Calculus Scalar and vector fields, Gradient, Divergence, Curl, Line integrals, Surface integrals, Green, Stokes and Gauss theorems.

Group Theory Groups, Subgroups, Abelian groups, Non-Abelian groups, Cyclic groups, Permutation groups, Normal subgroups, Lagrange 's Theorem for finite groups, Group homomorphisms and basic concepts of quotient groups.

Linear Algebra Finite dimensional vector spaces, Linear independence of vectors, Basis, dimension, Linear transformations, Matrix representation, Range space, Null space, Rank-nullity theorem. Rank and inverse of a matrix, Determinant, Solutions of systems of linear equations, Consistency conditions, Eigen values and Eigen vectors for matrices, Cayley-Hamilton theorem.

Real Analysis Interior points, Limit points, Open sets, Closed sets, Bounded sets, Connected sets, Compact sets, Completeness of R. Power series (of real variable), Taylor’s series, Radius and interval of convergence, Term-wise differentiation and integration of power series.

Human Nutrition- Energy Definition of Kilocalories and Joule, Energy value of foods, Determination of Physiological Fuel Values, Determination of Energy Requirements of the body-BMR, Physical Activity and Thermogenesis, Basal Metabolic rate- Determination and factors influencing Basal Metabolic Rate, Reference man and Reference Woman

Human Nutrition- Carbohydrate and Protein Sources and functions of carbohydrates, Digestion, Absorption and Utilization of Carbohydrates, Dietary fiber- Types and its importance in health, Sources and Functions of Proteins, Requirement of protein, Digestion, Absorption and Utilization of proteins, Definition of Biological Value of Protein

Human Nutrition-Lipids Sources and functions of lipids, Digestion, Absorption and Utilization of lipids, Requirement of lipids, Lipoproteins, Importance of Essential fatty acids and their deficiency

Human Nutrition- Minerals General Functions and Classification, Utilization, Requirements and Sources, Deficiency and Toxicity of Macro minerals and Microminerals, Macro minerals - Calcium and Phosphorous, Micro minerals- Sodium, Potassium, Iodine, Iron, Zinc, Copper, Selenium, Molybdenum and Magnesium

Human Nutrition-Vitamins General functions of vitamins, Dietary sources, Functions of Fat soluble vitamins, Deficiency and toxicity of Fat soluble vitamins, Dietary sources, functions of Water soluble vitamins, Deficiency and toxicity of water soluble vitamins

Human Nutrition- Water Balance Importance of water in body, Distribution of water in body, Maintenance of water and electrolyte balance, Regulation of Acid-Base balance in the body

Basic Principles of Meal Planning Basic meal pattern and its modifications to suit different income levels, Age and physiological stages, Balanced Diet, Food exchange list and meal distribution, Basic dietary calculations, RDA of different age groups

Nutrition Needs During Pregnancy Normal growth and weight gain in pregnancy, Preconception nutrition status and nutrient reserves, Nutritional requirements, Complications during various stages of pregnancy and their management, Menu planning and diet- all income groups

Nutrition Needs During Lactation Physiology of Lactation, Nutritional requirements during lactation and advantages of Lactation, Composition of breast milk, Menu planning and diet- all income groups

Nutrition During Infancy Growth and development, Breast feeding versus artificial feeding, Factors to be considered in bottle feeding, Different milk formulae, Composition of cow’s milk

Weaning Foods Meaning, need and use, Use of growth to monitor development, Nutritional requirements of infants (Up to 1 year), Weaning foods developed by various organizations and weaning schedule, Immunization schedule

Nutritional Needs of Preschool Children-(1-5 years) Physical and psychological development, Factors to be considered in planning meals for pre-schoolers, Eating problems and their management, preparation of supplementary foods using available low cost foods, Nutritional needs, Menu plan and diet for PSC

Nutritional Needs of School Going Children Growth, nutritional requirements and dietary habits, Packed Lunch, Menu planning and factors to be considered in menu planning

Nutritional needs During Adolescence Pubescence, Adolescence, Puberty, Menarche and secondary sexual characters, Growth spurt, Nutritional requirements, Special needs for girls during menarche, Food habits, Behavioral changes and diet, Menu plan for adolescent boys and girls

Nutritional needs During Adulthood Meal planning and nutritional requirements in relation to occupation (Men and Women), Reference man and woman

Nutritional needs During Old Age Characteristics of aging, Nutritional problems during old age and their management, Factors influencing food intake and diet and menu planning for elderly

Objectives of diet therapy Role of Dietician, principles of diet preparation and counselling, Therapeutic adaptation of normal diets, Principles and classification of therapeutic diets

Different types of feeding Basic concepts of enteral feeding and parenteral feeding, Formula feeds and complications, Pre operative and post operative diets

Energy modifications and nutritional care for weight management Aetiological factors contributing to obesity and prevention, Complications of obesity, Treatment Low Energy diets, behavioral modification

Identification of underweight Aetiology and assessment, Complications - Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia, Treatment - high energy diets

Diet in relation to deficiency disease Pathogenesis and dietary management in Nutritional Anemia, Pathogenesis and dietary management in PEM, Pathogenesis and dietary management in Vitamin A deficiency, Pathogenesis and dietary management in Calcium and vitamin D deficiency

Diseases of gastrointestinal tract Etiologic factors, Symptoms, Diagnostic tests and dietary treatment for Esophagitis, Etiologic factors, symptoms, Diagnostic tests and dietary treatment for hernia, Diarrhoea and Constipation high and low fiber diet, Etiologic factors, Symptoms, Diagnostic tests and Dietary treatment for Gastritis, Peptic Ulcer, Etiologic factors, Symptoms, Diagnostic tests and dietary treatment for Ulcerative colitis., Etiologic factors, symptoms, Diagnostic tests and dietary treatment for Malabsorption Syndrome Celiac Sprue, Steatorrhoea- MCT restricted diet

Modifications of diet in infection Fever and infections - typhoid, signs and symptoms, dietary treatment of tuberclulosis, Aetiology, Symptoms, Diagnostic tests and dietary treatment of chronic pulmonary disease, Aetiology, symptoms, Diagnostic tests and dietary treatment in bronchitis, Aetiology, Symptoms, Diagnostic tests and Dietary treatment

Modification of diets in surgery and allergy Surgical conditions pre-operative and post operative conditions, Burns and trauma complications and dietary treatment, Diet in allergy - definition and symptoms, Diagnostic tests and dietary management in allergy, Elimination diet and desensitization

Concept of community health and major nutritional deficiency disorders Concept of community health- Introduction and scope, Malnutrition:- Introduction and types, Maternal and infant mortality, Morbidity and nutritional status, Major nutritional problems prevalent in India- Protein energy malnutrition, Iron deficiency anemia and Vit A deficiency, Iodine deficiency disorder and Vitamin D deficiency, Calcium deficiency and Fluorosis

Malnutrition and its effects Malnutrition and infection- Nutritionally relevant infection and infestation, Effect of malnutrition on defense mechanism, Effect of infection on nutritional status and growth and development

Food:- Benefits and fads Methods of enhancing nutritive value of food:- Supplementation, Sprouting, fermentation, Fortification and enrichment, Food Faddism, Faulty food habits

Assessment of nutritional status Anthropometric measurements, Standards for comparison age assessment, Weight and height, Skin folds, arm, head and chest circumference, use of growth chart, Clinical sign and symptoms of malnutrition, Classification of clinical signs and symptoms methods of reporting results related to malnutrition, Biochemical assessment-most commonly used biochemical methods and their standard ranges, Diet surveys- Population sampling, methods of dietary survey points requiring special attention, Adult consumption unit analysis of diet survey data

Nutrition education:- Planning and method Introduction and different channels of nutrition education in the community, Nutrition education method-lectures and demonstration, workshops, films, posters, charts, Exhibition, books, pamphlets, newspaper, radio and television, power pointpresentations, Planning and implementation of Nutrition education programme, Objectives of nutrition education programmes, Selecting of topic and audio visual aid for target group

Hazards to community health and nutritional status Adulteration in food:- Introduction, Different types of adulterants in food and its health effects, Pollution of water:- pollutants and health effects, Industrial effluents, Sewage treatment, Pesticide residues in food

Nutrition related programmes Nutrition programmes:- Introduction and objectives, ICDS:- Aims and objectives, ANP and SNP, MMP and BNP, Role of national agencies in community nutrition:- ICAR, ICMR, CFTRI, NIN, Role of international agencies in community nutrition:- FAO and WHO, UNICEF and CARE

Introduction to maternal and child health and nutrition (MCHN) Rationale and goals of MCHN, Nutrition health concerns of mother and child, Concept of continuum of care, Importance of micronutrient supplementation to improve maternal / child health & its economic benefit, reproductive and child health services in India, its bottlenecks and progress, Organization set up for MCH care

Maternal and child nutrition situation in India Current scenario of maternal and child nutrition, maternal health and nutritional status, Source of data, Maternal mortality, Various programmes and policies pertaining to maternal and child health run by Government of India, Issues relating to maternal health, Gender issues and maternal health, Role of BPNI in promotion of breast feeding in India, Importance of world breast feeding week

Adolescent nutrition and health Adolescence: an age of opportunity, adolescent growth and development and last window of opportunity to improve health & nutrition status, Health implications of nutritional deficiency disorders mainly under nutrition & anemia, SABLA program, its implementation and operational guidelines and pilot districts in Gujarat, Adolescent sexual health or aids prevention: key issues, adolescent pregnancy, Adverse consequences for the child and mother, Legislations relevant to MCH and social security, School health programs in India its strengths and weaknesses

Reproductive health Maternal malnutrition & LBW babies, Care during pregnancy, Diagnosis of pregnancy and components of full antenatal care, Maternal nutrition in pregnancy and lactation and strategies for preventing anemia, Treating severe and moderate anemia during pregnancy (Iron sucrose injections V/s blood transfusion):, Abnormal pregnancy: complications in early pregnancy and late pregnancy: (pregnancy induced hypertension and ante-partum haemorrhage), Concept of safe delivery and family planning for child spacing, Communication for behavioural change and counselling in RCH programme

Management of Personnel in Food Service Organization Personnel and leadership qualities for food service administration, Types of labour, Criteria for selection, employment conditions, Role of union, Welfare provisions, Labour and employees training, Labour laws and legal aspects- health and safety of employees, Welfare policies, Recruitment, Induction, Employees facilities and benefits, Evaluation of performance

Food Management Characteristics of food, Food purchasing, Receiving and storage of food, Food production, Food service and dishwashing

Space Organization Infrastructure , Types of kitchens, Types of storages, service areas, Dining area

Equipment Types of equipment- criteria for selection, Operation and care, Equipment planning , Equipment design, selection of equipment, Installation and operation, Purchasing equipment, Care and Maintenance

Hygiene and Sanitation Importance of personal cleanliness in handling and serving food, Health examination of personnel

Mathematical Methods: Calculus of single and multiple variables, partial derivatives, Jacobian, imperfect and perfect differentials, Taylor expansion, Fourier series. Vector algebra, Vector Calculus, Multiple integrals, Divergence theorem, Green’s theorem, Stokes’ theorem. First order equations and linear second order differential equations with constant coefficients. Matrices and determinants, Algebra of complex numbers.

Mechanics and General Properties of Matter: Newton’s laws of motion and applications, Velocity and acceleration in Cartesian, polar and cylindrical coordinate systems, uniformly rotating frame, centrifugal and Coriolis forces, Motion under a central force, Kepler’s laws, Gravitational Law and field, Conservative and non-conservative forces. System of particles, Center of mass, equation of motion of the CM, conservation of linear and angular momentum, conservation of energy, variable mass systems. Elastic and inelastic collisions. Rigid body motion, fixed axis rotations, rotation and translation, moments of Inertia and products of Inertia, parallel and perpendicular axes theorem. Principal moments and axes. Kinematics of moving fluids, equation of continuity, Euler’s equation, Bernoulli’s theorem.

Oscillations, Waves and Optics: Differential equation for simple harmonic oscillator and its general solution. Super position of two or more simple harmonic oscillators. Lissajous figures. Damped and forced oscillators, resonance. Wave equation, travelling and standing waves in one-dimension. Energy density and energy transmission in waves. Group velocity and phase velocity. Sound waves in media. Doppler Effect. Fermat’s Principle. General theory of image formation. Thick lens, thin lens and lens combinations. Interference of light, optical path retardation. Fraunhofer diffraction. Rayleigh criterion and resolving power. Diffraction gratings. Polarization: linear, circular and elliptic polarization. Double refraction and optical rotation.

Electricity and Magnetism: Coulomb’s law, Gauss’s law. Electric field and potential. Electrostatic boundary conditions, Solution of Laplace’s equation for simple cases. Conductors, capacitors, dielectrics, dielectric polarization, volume and surface charges, electrostatic energy. Biot-Savart law, Ampere’s law, Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction, Self and mutual inductance. Alternating currents. Simple DC and AC circuits with R, L and C components. Displacement current, Maxwell’s equations and plane electromagnetic waves, Poynting’s theorem, reflection and refraction at a dielectric interface, transmission and reflection coefficients (normal incidence only). Lorentz Force and motion of charged particles in electric and magnetic fields.

Kinetic theory, Thermodynamics: Elements of Kinetic theory of gases. Velocity distribution and Equipartition of energy. Specific heat of Mono-, di- and tri-atomic gases. Ideal gas, van-der-Waals gas and equation of state. Mean free path. Laws of thermodynamics. Zeroth law and concept of thermal equilibrium. First law and its consequences. Isothermal and adiabatic processes. Reversible, irreversible and quasi-static processes. Second law and entropy. Carnot cycle. Maxwell’s thermodynamic relations and simple applications. Thermodynamic potentials and their applications. Phase transitions and Clausius-Clapeyron equation. Ideas of ensembles, Maxwell-Boltzmann, Fermi-Dirac and Bose-Einstein distributions.

Modern Physics: Inertial frames and Galilean invariance. Postulates of special relativity. Lorentz transformations. Length contraction, time dilation. Relativistic velocity addition theorem, mass energy equivalence. Blackbody radiation, photoelectric effect, Compton effect, Bohr’s atomic model, X-rays. Wave-particle duality, Uncertainty principle, the superposition principle, calculation of expectation values, Schrödinger equation and its solution for one, two and three dimensional boxes. Solution of Schrödinger equation for the one dimensional harmonic oscillator. Reflection and transmission at a step potential, Pauli exclusion principle.

Nuclear and Particle Physics: Structure of atomic nucleus: constituents of nucleus and binding energy, Nuclear Models: Liquid drop model and semi-empirical formula, Shell model and magic numbers, Radioactivity: radioactive decay, laws of radioactive decay, half-life, decay constant, alpha, beta and gamma emission, Nuclear reactions, fission, fusion, Interaction of radiations with matters: Bethe- Block formula, Particle accelerators and detectors, cosmic rays, properties and classification of particles, conservation laws, quark models.

Solid State Physics, Devices and Electronics: Crystal structure, Bravais lattices and basis. Miller indices. X-ray diffraction and Bragg’s law; Intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors, variation of resistivity with temperature. Fermi level. p-n junction diode, I-V characteristics, Zener diode and its applications, BJT: characteristics in CB, CE, CC modes. Single stage amplifier, two stage R-C coupled amplifiers. Simple Oscillators: Barkhausen condition, sinusoidal oscillators. OPAMP and applications: Inverting and non-inverting amplifier. Boolean algebra: Binary number systems; conversion from one system to another system; binary addition and subtraction. Logic Gates AND, OR, NOT, NAND, NOR exclusive OR; Truth tables; combination of gates; de Morgan’s theorem.

MATHEMATICS

Sequences and Series:Convergence of sequences of Real Numbers, Comparison, Root and Ratio tests for Convergence of series of Real Numbers.

Differential Calculus:Limits, Continuity and Differentiability of functions of one and two variables. Rolle’s Theorem, Mean Value Theorems, Taylor’s Theorem, Indeterminate Forms, Maxima and Minima of functions of one and two variables.

Integral Calculus:Fundamental Theorems of Integral Calculus, Applications of Definite Integrals, Arc Lengths, Areas and Volumes, Double and Triple Integrals.

Matrices:Rank, Inverse of a Matrix. Systems of Linear Equations. Linear Transformations, Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors. Cayley-Hamilton Theorem, Symmetric, Skew-Symmetric and Orthogonal Matrices.

STATISTICS

Basic Statistics: Measure of Central Tendency, Dispersion, Skewness and Kurtosis.

Probability:Axiomatic definition of Probability and Properties, Conditional Probability, Multiplication Rule. Theorem of Total Probability. Bayes’ Theorem and Independence of Events.

Random Variables: Probability Mass Function, Probability Density Function and Cumulative Distribution functions, Distribution of a function of a Random variable. Mathematical Expectation, Moments and Moment Generating Function.

Standard Distributions:Binomial, Poisson and Normal Distributions.

Sampling Distributions:Chi-square, t and F Distributions, and their properties.

Testing of Hypotheses: Basic Concepts, Null Hypotheses and Alternative Hypotheses, Type-1 and Type-II Error.

Ecology: Greenhouse effect, Occurrences of Tropical rain forest, biotype, Ecological pyramid, BOD value in aquatic environment;

Mendelian Genetics: Pair of alleles, Determination of characteristics of pea plants, Non-Mendelian;

Digestive system: salivary secretion and swallowing, control of gastric secretion, gastric motility, pancreatic secretion, the bile;

Respiratory system: airways and alveoli, mechanics of ventilation, ventilation and gas exchange, pulmonary circulation;

Reproductive system: sexual reproduction in man, ovarian cycle, menstrual cycle, hormone;

Cardiac system: conduction system of the heart, ECG, cardiac cycle, arterial blood pressure;

Properties of blood: plasma, properties of red cells, gas carriage by the blood, platelets, glomerular filtration rate (GFR), transport of glucose, excretion of acid by the kidneys, control of water balance by the kidneys;

Central nervous system (CNS): nerve cell, synaptic excitation;

Muscular system: structure of muscle tissue, skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle, smooth muscle;

Endocrine system: hypothalamic control of pituitary function, functions of the posterior pituitary gland, hormones of the adrenal gland, hormones of the adrenal gland;

Sensory system: sensory receptor properties, receptors in the skin, focusing of the eye, physiology of the eye, vision;

Body physiology: glucose metabolism, absorptive and post-absorptive states of the body, diabetes mellitus, water content;

Developmental biology: fertilized egg , Weismann’s model of development, experiments of Spemann and Mangold , Genes control , development;

Vertebrate development: frog’s life-cycle , notochord, gastrulation in Xenopus, the invertebrates, Aquatic animals , blastula;

Other aspects: sponges , cnidarians-helminthes, annelid, mollusca, Arthropoda, chinodermata, the vertebrates, Animal Diversity, Origin of Life, Vitamins, Proteins, Cell Biology, Enzymes, DNA, Cell Organelles

Introduction to general microbiology: Introduction; history of microbiology, Relationship of microbes to human, Normal micro flora of human

Section 2

Microscopy: Introduction, principle and application of light microscope, Fluorescent microscope; Phase contrast microscope; Electron microscope

Section 3

Sterilization: Introduction and its types; principle, procedure and application of each types of sterilization; various efficiency testing to sterilizers and sterilization procedures

Section 4

Antiseptics and disinfectants: Introduction and classification; mode of action; application of various disinfectants and the precautions during disinfectants use

Section 5

Classification of microbes: Prokaryotes and eukaryotes; general characteristics; classification and clinical significance of bacteria, fungi, virus and parasite

Section 6

Morphological classification of bacteria: General features and classification of bacteria, bacterial cell structures, Gram's staining and its applications

Section 7

Growth and nutrition of microbes: Classification of microorganisms on the basis of nutrition, general growth requirements of the bacteria, physical conditions required for growth, growth curve of bacteria,

Section 8

Culture media: Introduction and classification of culture media, composition, principle and applications of each type of culture media, aerobic culture methods, anaerobic culture methods

Section 9

Antibiotics susceptibility testing : Introduction, principle, modes of action and its applications, MIC, MBC and strokes methods, Kirby Bauer method, gradient susceptibility testing such as MIC by E-test

Section 10

Immunology: Innate and adaptive immunity; cellular and humoral immunity; antigen and antibody interaction; antigen processing and presentation

Cell and Cell organelles

Eukaryotic and prokaryotic cell, plasma membrane, cell wall, nucleus, mitochondria, golgi bodies, lysosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, peroxisomes, plastids, vacuoles, chloroplast, structure & function of cytoskeleton and its role in motility

Cellular Processes

Operon, interrupted genes, gene families, structure of chromatin and chromosomes, unique and repetitive DNA, heterochromatin, euchromatin, transposons, mitosis and meiosis, their regulation, steps in cell cycle, and control of cell cycle; DNA replication, transcription and translation

Reproductive Physiology

Spermatogenesis and its hormonal regulation, formation of semen, fertility standards, ultrastructure of sperm, sperm maturation. Ovary – Structure, folliculogenesis, ovulation, corpus luteum, atresia, menstrual cycle

Embryonic Development

Fertilization, first week of development, second week of development, third week of development, fourth week of development, fifth through eighth week of development, fetal period, embryonic development in each trimester of pregnancy, placenta and amniotic fluid, labor

Reproductive disorder and Diagnostic Analysis

Sexual differentiation and developmental abnormalities in male & female, menstrual disorders – Precocious, delayed or absent puberty, fertility disorders – sexual dysfunction, infertilitys

Assisted Reproductive Techniques

Ovulation induction, oocyte retrieval, in vitro maturation, in vitro fertilization (IVF), gamete intra-fallopian transfer (GIFT), Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), cryopreservation of gametes & embryos

Introduction:

• Meaning
• Nature
• Scope
• Significance of political Science

Western Political thought

• Plato
• Aristotle
• Social contract theories
• utilitarianism
• Nicholas Machiavelli
• Marxism
• Socialism
• Feminism

Political theories

• Key Concepts in Political Theory : liberty, equality, rights, justice
• Contemporary trends in Political Theory : (egalitarian-liberalism, libertarianism, communitarianism, republicanism, state and civil society,

postmodern theories of power)

• post-colonial theory
• neoliberalism and the political theory of the market
• different traditions of political theory

Indian Political Thought

• The Indian Renaissance
• Gandhian Thought
• Ambedkar
• Periyar
• Nehru

International relations

• Theories of International Politics
• Emerging Issues (Human Rights, Environmentalism, Terrorism, Democratic expansion, Migration)
• History of IR (From Ist World War to IInd World War)
• UN and its organs

India Foreign Policies

• India relations with its neighbours (India, Pakistan, Nepal, Bhutan, China)
• India relations with major powers (USA, Russia)
• India and Indo Pacific Region
• India and Africa
• India’s Look East and Look Act Policy
• India and Global Governance
• India and the UN
• India and NAM

Indian constitution

• Preamble
• Fundamental rights
• Directive principles of state policy
• Judiciary
• Executive
• Legislature

Comparative politics

• Approaches to the study of comparative politics
• Difference between comparative government and politics
• Theories of State
• Classifications of governments
• Typology of states
• Democracy

Anatomy: Upper limb –muscles ,bones and joints ,Lower limb –muscles ,bones and joints, Head and Neck, Central nervous system, Thorax –Lungs and Heart, Abdomen.

Physiology: Functions of endocrine glands, Cardiovascular system, Respiratory system, Nervous system, Blood and its functions, Musculoskeletal system, Immunity.

Exercise Therapy: Active exercises, Passive exercises, Resisted exercises, Starting positions and derived positions, Suspension therapy

Electrotherapy: Hydrotherapy, Short wave diathermy, Ultrasound therapy, Transcutaneous electric stimulation, Electric muscular stimulation, Microwave diathermy , LASER, Ultraviolet rays, Compression therapy.

Biomechanics: Structure of shoulder,elbow and wrist joint,Structure of Hip joint, Structure and function of Tibiofemoral joint, Structure and function of Patellofemoral joint, Joints of Ankle and foot complex, Plantar arches and muscles of ankle and foot, Kinetics and Kinematics of Posture, Analysis of Postures, Abnormal Gaits.

Clinical Neurology: Structure and Function of Brain and Spinal Cord ,Blood Supply of Brain and Spinal Cord , Disorders of CNS , Disorders of PNS, Tumors of Brain and spinal cord, Head Injury, Stroke, Parkinsonism, Multiple Sclerosis, MND,Poliomyelitis, Cervical and Lumbar Disc Lesions, Myopathies , Infections of Brain and Spinal Cord .

Clinical Orthopedics:

Classification of fractures, Fracture healing, Treatment of fractures, Splints & tractions, Treatment and complications of fracture, Dislocations and subluxation, Tennis elbow, Golfer’s elbow, Ganglion, Carpal tunnel syndrome, Trigger finger, Torticollis, cervical rib, Rheumatoid arthritis, Gout and pseudogout ,Osteoarthritis, Cervical spondylosis, Classification of amputation, Levels of amputation, Complications of Amputations, Rickets, Osteomalacia, Osteoporosis, Dupuytren’s contracture, Frozen shoulder, De-quervains disease, Meralgia paraesthetica, Injuries around Shoulder, Elbow, Wrist, Hand, Pelvis, Hip, Knee, Ankle, Foot,Spine, Congenital abnormalities.

Clinical Cardio respiratory:

Basic anatomy of heart and blood vessels, Basic physiology of cardiovascular system, Investigations in cardiology, Cardiac Medications, Ischemic Heart Diseases, Cardiomyopathies, Dilated Cardiomyopathies Conduction abnormalities of heart, Congenital Heart Diseases,Cardiac Surgeries, Peripheral Arterial Diseases, Lymphatic Diseases,Venous Diseases,Intensive Cardiac Care.

Community Based Rehabilitation:

Introduction to rehabilitation medicine : Conceptual framework of rehabilitation, Roles of rehabilitation team members, Definitions and various models of rehabilitation, Community based rehabilitation, Preventive rehabilitation, Activities of daily living : Definition of ADL, Scope & importance of ADLs, Wheel chair activities, Teaching training of bed activities, Training of locomotor activites, Teaching training of self care activities Sociolegal aspects of rehabilitation : Statutory provisions, Schemes of assistance to persons with disability Vocational Rehabilitation : Prehension, Disabled hand, Vocational rehabilitation team, Principles in the management of vocational problems, Principles of U.L. Prosthetics and Orthotics, Principles of L.L. Prosthetics and Orthotics, Spinal orthosis.

Pediatrics and Geriatrics:

Normal Developmental milestones of infant, Primitive reflexes, Congenital Disorders of infants, Orthopeadic, Neurological, Cardio pulmonary, Psychiatric and behavioural disorders of paediatrics, Normal response to ageing, Degenerative disorders of Geriatric Population, Cardiological, pulmonary, musculoskeletal and neurological disorders of geriatric population, Falls and Falls prevention.

Obstetrics And Gynaecology:

Physiology of pregnancy, The breast, Urinary tract and anorectal region, Complications of pregnancy, The antenatal period Post natal problems, Common gynecological conditions: Salpingitis, Uterine fibroids, Amenorrhea, Dysmennorhea, Premenstrual syndrome, Menorrhagia, Endometriosis, Incontinence of urine, Lower urinary tract dysfunction, Urinary dysfunction: Incontinence of urine, Lower urinary tract dysfunction.

Physiotherapy in orthopaedic Conditions:

Assistive devices , Approach to patient with trauma,orthopaedic injury, Complications of fractures, Assessment and management of orthopaedic disorders of upper limb,lower limb, Assessment and management of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis, Assessment and management of amputation, Assessment and management of osteomylitis, Assessment and management of tuberculosis of bones, Assessment and management of Caries spine, Assessment and management of benign tumour and malignant tumours,Assessment and Management of poliomyelitis, peripheral nerve injuries of upper limb, peripheral nerve injuries of lower limb.

Physiotherapy in Neurologic Conditions:

Assessment and Management of Stoke, MS, Parkinson’s, MND,Tumors of Brain and Spinal Cord, Traumatic Head and spine injury, Demyleinating diseases of brain and spinal cord,Degenerative diseases of brain and spinal cord, Peripheral Nerve injuries and disorders, Infectious disorders of brain and spinal cord, cerebellar disorders, ANS dysfunctions, Radiculopathies.

Physiotherapy in Cardiopulmonary Conditions:Objective and subjective assessment of cardiopulmonary patient, Breathing techniques and airway clearance techniques used in cardiopulmonary patient, Rehabilitation of cardiac and pulmonary patient, Cardiopulmonary physiotherapy for musculoskeletal ,neurological disorders, Physiotherapy techniques in intensive care unit, Cardiopulmonary physiotherapy for neonates and pediatric patients, Cardiopulmonary physiotherapy for geriatrics and transplant patients.

Physiotherapy in Sports Medicine:

Multidisciplinary approach, Principles of athletic training, Classification of sports injuries, Overuse injuries, Principles of injury prevention, Response of body to exercises, Types of training: Aerobic training, Anaerobic training. Paediatrics And Geriatrics Physiotherapy: Genetic Disorders, Positioning and handling to enhance the motor function, Neural tube defects, Muscle disorders in paediatrics, Vitamin Deficiency in Paediatrics, Cardiorespiratory in paediatrics, Impaired motor control, Impaired posture and mobility, Evaluation of seriously ill geriatrics, Exercise and physical activity for older adults, Balance and falls, Environmental design for geriatrics, Home health Physical therapy.

Research Methodology and Biostatistics:

Foundations of Research: Meaning, Objectives, Motivation, Utility. deductive and inductive theory.

Problem Identification & Formulation – Hypothesis – Qualities of a good Hypothesis –Null Hypothesis & Alternative Hypothesis. Hypothesis Testing – Logic & Importance

Research Design: Concept and Importance in Research – Features of a good research design – Exploratory Research Design – concept, types and uses, Descriptive Research Designs – concept, types and uses. Experimental Design: Concept of Independent & Dependent variables.

Qualitative and Quantitative Research: Qualitative research – Quantitative research – Concept of measurement, causality, generalization, replication.

Measurement: Concept of measurement– Validity and Reliability. Levels of measurement – Nominal, Ordinal, Interval, Ratio.

Sampling: Concepts of Statistical Population, Sample, Sampling Frame, Sampling Error, Sample Size, Non Response. Characteristics of a good sample. Probability Sample – Simple Random Sample, Systematic Sample, Stratified Random Sample & Multi-stage sampling. Determining size of the sample