Introduces the Linux operating system, command-line usage, and file management essential for security tasks. It also covers fundamental cybersecurity concepts, including threats, vulnerabilities, and basic defense mechanisms.

Focuses on collecting publicly available data about targets using open-source intelligence techniques. It helps identify potential vulnerabilities and build a foundation for security assessments.

Involves identifying live systems, open ports, and services within a network. It also includes extracting detailed information about targets to discover potential vulnerabilities.

Covers techniques used to gain unauthorized access by exploiting vulnerabilities in systems. It also focuses on maintaining access, privilege escalation, and analyzing compromised systems after exploitation.

Focuses on identifying and mitigating vulnerabilities in web applications such as injection, authentication flaws, and misconfigurations. It ensures secure design, testing, and protection of web-based systems against attacks.